Cardiovascular System Pt.5 - Major Veins Flashcards
How are veins described as?
Draining an area and then draining into each other
What is similar about the veins to the arteries?
Deep veins have the same names as arteries
What is the path of blood for the venous side (deep veins) from the plantar veins to the external iliac veins
- Medial and lateral plantar & fibular veins drain into posterior tibial vein
- Fibular vein similar to the one in the arterial side follows back up to connect to the posterior tibial vein
- Posterior tibial connects to anterior tibial vein
- Anterior tibial vein drains a bit of right dorsal venous arch and passes through interosseous membrane of tibia and fibula to connect to the posterior tibial
- Popliteal vein - formed by joining of anterior and posterior tibial vein (drains blood from knee)
- Popliteal vein as it moves up changes names to right femoral vein
- Right femoral has a deep femoral vein connecting to it (just like in arteries) which both run under inguinal ligament to become external illiac vein
Note: These are all draining or drain into deep veins of the lower limbs
What is different about the veins and arteries in the lower limbs?
Names of superficial veins are not the same as arteries
unlike deep veins which share same artery names
What is the path of blood flow of the superficial veins from the lower limbs to the external iliac?
- Dorsal venous arch (we said was apart of deep) drains most of blood in superficial veins
- Great saphenous vein - superficial vein that dorsal venous arch drains into; runs anterior to medial malleolus, up the medial leg past knee and thigh & eventually drain into femoral vein.
- Small saphenous vein - runs posterior and drains lateral side of plantar network & drains into popliteal vein eventually draining into femoral vein
What is the path of blood flow for the venous system from femoral to the abdomen?
- Femoral vein runs up and turns into external iliac vein
- External iliac vein branches into an internal iliac vein which drains blood from the organs of the pelvis
- External iliac vein turns into common iliac vein
- Right and Left common iliac vein join to form inferior vena cava
What is the purpose of the parietal veins in the abdominal aorta?
Drain deoxygenated blood from the abdominal muscles in the wall which drain into the Inferior Vena Cava
What is the hepatic portal circulation and its purpose?
The hepatic portal circulation is a filtration system; veins along the intestines absorb nutrients from the intestines but they need to be checked first for any toxins before shipping
Hepatic = Liver = filtration system
Which veins are apart of the hepatic portal circulation?
- Superior mesenteric vein
- Inferior mesenteric vein
- Splenic vein
- All go to hepatic portal vein
Explain the path of bloodflow from the visceral abdominal branches into the Inferior vena cava?
- Superior mesenteric vein drains blood up towards the Hepatic portal vein.
- Meanwhile, the inferior mesenteric vein drains blood into the splenic vein; vein that comes off of the spleen
- Superior mesenteric and splenic vein come together and drain into the hepatic portal vein found in the liver
- Liver checks through blood and then that blood in the hepatic portal vein travels through the right and left hepatic vein into the Inferior vena cava
What branches in the thorax drain into the superior vena cava
- Azygos - Drains thorax wall & organs while running along vertebral column; posterior wall draining into superior vena cava
- Parietal veins along with visceral veins of the thoracic aorta drain into Azygos
- Accessory hemiazygous (left side of thoracic wall) - superior to the hemiazygous and drains the veins above rib 8
- Hemiazygous - inferior to the accessory hemiazygous and drains rib 8 and below
What is the path of blood for the superficial venous system from the palm to the upper shoulder?
- Cephalic vein - veins on anterior and posterior surface of the palm drain into cephalic vein
- Cephalic vein runs up between the deltoid & pec major
- Cephalic drains into the axilary vein
- Right basilic - Runs medially and empties into the axilary vein too
What is the median cubital vein?
It connects both the cephalic (lateral) & basilic (medial)
* Very superficial vein which is often used to get blood taken
What is the path of blood in the deep venous system of the upper limb from the palm to the upper shoulder?
- Anterior and posterior veins on palms will drain into deeper veins (Reminder: some of the palmar veins drain into the superficial veins)
- Blood drained runs up the right radialis and right ulnaris and combines to form the brachial vein
- Brachial vein - runs up and changes name to axilary at the lower border of the teres major
- Axilary vein - passes over rib 1 and under clavicle to become subclavian vein which then drains into the Superior Vena Cava
How does blood drain from the veins of the head?
- Superior sagittal sinus - openings made by dural fold contain venous blood at the very top
- Inferior sagittal sinus - follows the path of the straight sinus to connect to it
- Straight sinus - ends up connecting with the superior sagittal sinus and the blood from both drain into the transverse sinuses (2 of them)
- Transverse sinuses - drain into the internal jugular vein
- Internal jugular vein drains into the heart
Key note: These sinuses drain blood from the inside of the skull
What is the image showing?
- How the veins that drain into the superior vena cava (Internal jugular & subclavian) are the same on both sides
- A left and right brachiocephalic vein both join to drain into the superior vena cava
- Veins going into the heart are more anterior & arteries are more posterior
