Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr 3 > The pancreas > Flashcards

The pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

where can the pancreas be found anatomically

A

vertebral level L1/L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is acinar secretion controlled by

A

duodenal neuroendocrine cell secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

in histology of the pancreas how do acinar cells present

A

darkest pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the main 4 cell types of the endocrine pancreas

A

Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
F cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many cell types make up the endocrine pancreas

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the 4 main cell types that make up the endocrine pancreas form structures called what

A

islets of langerhans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do A (alpha) cells secrete

A

Glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do B (beta) cells secrete

A

Insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

WHat do D (delta) cells secrete?

A

Somastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

WHat do F cells secrete

A

pancreatic polypeptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in histology what do the islet of langerhans look like

A

like an island of endocrine tissue sitting ina sea of exocrine tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Insulin gene encodes what

A

preproinsulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens to preproinsulin

A

cleaved to the bioactive peptide, insulin, in secretory granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

final cleavage of insulin produces equimolar amounts of what

A

C peptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where are the three sites of insulin synthesis

A

ER
Golgi
trans-golgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the stimulus for beta cells to secrete insulin

A

rising levels of glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when glucose levels rise in the blood, it begins to make its way into beta cells through what

A

GLUT 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what channel in insulin release does ATP inhibit

A

K channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

in insulin release what does M3R do

A

Increase ca2+ levels

20
Q

what inhibits insulin release

A

noradrenaline, adrenaline
somastatin

21
Q

no insulin is produced when plasma glucose is below…

A

2.8mmol-1

22
Q

What does the glucagon gene encode

A

preproglucagon

23
Q

Glucagon causes release of what other hormone

A

glycogen

24
Q

preproglucagon is secreted from what

A

secretory granules

25
Q

in normal/high glucagon release, what transporter helps glucose into the cell

A

GLUT1

26
Q

The presence of glucose (in normal/high glucagon release) activates it to change to GDP and then to

A

ATP

27
Q

In normal/high glucagon release, what causes the K+ channel to stay closed

A

ATP presence
ATP is constantly sending a depolarisation message

28
Q

in normal/high glucagon release glucagon wnt undergo

A

exocytosis

29
Q

in low glucagon release there is a reduction in

A

low extracellular plasma glucose concentration

30
Q

ain low glucagon release, a reduction in extracellular plasma glucose concentration will result in

A

low intracellular ATP concentration

31
Q

in low glucagon release, low intracellular ATP concentration causes what

A

inhibition of channels is relieved so K+ channel will open, allowing for hyperpolarisation of K+

32
Q

in low glucagon release what does the hyperpolarisation of K+cause

A

allows Ca2+ to enter the cell down its concentration gradient

33
Q

in low glucagon release, when Ca2+ enters the cell down its concentration gradient, what does this cause

A

exocytosis of glucagon from secretary vesicles

34
Q

in beta cells, adrenaline acts primarily on what

A

alpha 1 adrenoreceptors

35
Q

alpha cells primarily express what

A

beta 2 adrenoreceptors

36
Q

what condition stimulates release of glucagon

A

hypoglycaemia

37
Q

what condition inhibits release of glucagon

A

hyperglycaemia

38
Q

what are two water soluble hormones in the pancreas

A

insulin and glucagon

39
Q

what is the general effect of somastatin

A

inhibitory

40
Q

what causes decreased gut motility and secretion

A

somastatin

41
Q

somatostatin inhibits release of what three enteroendocrine

A

gastrin
CCK
GIP

42
Q

what inhibits release of insulin and glucagon secretion

A

somastatin

43
Q

why are F cells released

A

released in response to protein rich meals, lw blood glucose

44
Q

what do F cells inhibit

A

gall bladder contraction
pancreatic exocrine product secretion

45
Q

what cell inhibits gall bladder contraction and exocrine product secretion

A

F cells

Yr 3 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions