Regulation of fuel use by insulin and glucagon Flashcards
what dies isnulin do to the uptake of glucose in cells
increases
what is glycogenesis
and what action does insulin have on this
formation of glycogen for storage
increases
what does insulin do to glycogenolysis
decreases (breakdown of glycogen to glucose)
What does insulin do to gluconeogenesis
decreases (formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate precurosrs)
what is the only hormone that decreases blood glucose levels
insulin
what does Akt do
-phosphorylates lots of different targets
-inhibits glycogen synthesis
-inhibits GSK3
-inhibits lots of transcription factors
Insulin can cause what to your weight
weight gain
what does Akt promote
promotes GLUT4 translocation to cell membrane
who needs a kick up the bum
the lecturer
Glucose makes its way into the cell by what transporter
GLUT 2
in the mitochondria, what stimulates ateyl coA
pyruvate
what does insulin raise
F2
6P
what does insulin do by raising F2 6P
allosterically raises gluconeogenesis and simultaneously activating glycolysis
anything insulin does, glucagon does the…
opposite
glucagon supresses what production
F2 6P
what happens when glucose suppresses F2, 6P production
gluconeogenesis will be disinhibited and glycolysis reduced
Dysregulation of transport mechanisms withi the liver causes what in diabetes
hyperlipidaemia
what does HSL do
liberate triglycerides from adipose storage to form free fatty acids
insulin does what to glucose in the TCA cycle
promotes glucose use in TCA cycle
what is a second messenger of glucagon
cAMP
what is the most common endocrine disorder
diabetes mellitus
what is the cause of T1DM
pancreatic beta cell destruction
what is the cause of T1DM
sensitivity for receptors reduced
insulin resistence
do you get dyslipidaemia in T1DM
no
do you get dyslipidaemia in T2DM
yes
Plasma TG increased
HDL cholesterol decreased
Small dense LDL cholesterol increased
