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Anatomy exam 5 > the orbit and the eye > Flashcards

the orbit and the eye Flashcards

1
Q

the membrane lining the inner eyelid

A

Palpebral conjunctiva

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2
Q

the membrane lining the surface of the eye

A

bulbar conjuctiva

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3
Q

the potential space between the palpebral and bulbar conjuctiva

A

conjunctival sac

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4
Q

the conjuctival reflections from eyelid to eye

A

conjunctival fornices

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5
Q

size of upper vs lower eyelid

A

upper is larger

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6
Q

muscles that cross around eyelid, surrounding the eye to close the eye

A

orbicularis occuli

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7
Q

what innvervates orbicularis occuli

A

CN VII (facial)

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8
Q

connective tissue between the strands of orbicularis occuli are continuous with the tendon of

A

levator papebral superioris

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9
Q

nerve for levator papebral superioris

A

CN III(oculomotor)

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10
Q

muscle for the tarsal plate, inferior to levator papebral superioris

A

superior tarsal muscle

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11
Q

inner lining of the eyelid that contains tarsal glands all the way to the papebral fissure

A

tarsal plate

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12
Q

roll of the superior tarsal muscle

A

hold eyes open when not sleeping not voluntarily (sympathetic)

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13
Q

roll of sebatious glands in eyelids

A

keep tears from evaporating so eyes stay moist

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14
Q

connective tissue that completely surrounds eye from the boney tissue to papebral fissure

A

orbital septum

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15
Q

the supperior support of the yelid

A

superior tarsus

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16
Q

the inferior support for the eyelid

A

inferior tarsus

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17
Q

anchor of the commisures of the eyelid

A

lateral palepral ligament and medial palpebral ligament

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18
Q

eyelid support that interdigitates with orbicularis occuli

A

tendon of levator palpebrae superioris muscle

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19
Q

what separates the infra and supra trochlear nerve

A

the trochlea

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20
Q

vein and artery strucutre of the orbit

A

the supra-orbital artery and vein and infra-orbital artery. Anastomose with each other
also lacrimal artery fro internal

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21
Q

roof of orbit

A

frontal, sphenoid

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22
Q

lateral wall of orbit

A

zygomatic, sphenoid

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23
Q

floor of orbit

A

maxilla, zygomatic

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24
Q

back of orbit

A

sphenoid (both lesser and greater wing)

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25
Q

medial wall of orbit

A

ethmoidal bone(back), lacrimal bone(front), palatine(sliver in bottom)

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26
Q

openings of the orbit

A

superior orbital fissure
optic canal
inferior orbital fissure

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27
Q

what defines the inferior orbital fissure

A

the maxilla and greater wing

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28
Q

the superior orbital fissure is between

A

the superior and lesser wing

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29
Q

what bones contribute to the orbital rim

A

frontal maxillary and zygomatic

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30
Q

foramina on the medial wall of the orbit

A

anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen between ethmoid and frontal bone
and fossa for the lacrimal sac

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31
Q

what makes the fossa for the lacrimal sca

A

lacrimal bone and maxilla

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32
Q

what passes through the optic canal

A

CN II and ophthalmic A

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33
Q

what passes through the superior orbital fissure

A

CN III, IV, V1, and VI

opthalmic vv

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34
Q

what passes through the supraorbital notch/foramen

A 
supraorbital N (Branch of CN V1)
Supraorbital A
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35
Q

what passes through the orbital fissure

A

Infraorbital N
Zygomatic N (CN V2)
Zygomatic A

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36
Q

what passes through the infraorbital foramen

A 
infraorbital N (Brnach of CN V2)
Infraorbital A
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37
Q

what passes through the anterior ethmoid foramen

A

Anterior ethmoidal N (Branch of CN V1)

Anterior ethmoidal A

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38
Q

what passes through the posterior ethmoidal foramen

A

posterior ethmoidal N (Brnach of CN V1)

Posterior ethmoid A

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39
Q

CN II

A

optic Nerve

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40
Q

CN II(Optic) exits orbit to go to

A

primary visiual cortex

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41
Q

the opthamic artery branches from

A

internal carotid

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42
Q

1st branch of the opthamic artery

A

central retinol artery

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43
Q

artery and nerves that dive into the medial wall of the ethmoid bone to supply ethmoidal air cells

A

anteior and posterior ethmoidal

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44
Q

what lies posterior to the lens of the eyeball

A

vitrious humor

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45
Q

what lies anterior to the lens

A

aqueous humor

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46
Q

what makes up the outler layer of the eye

A

anterior: cornea (1/6)
posterior: sclera (5/6)

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47
Q

why is the cornea clear but the sclera is not, despite the fact that have the same make up

A

the ECM molecules line up in parallel in the cornea

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48
Q

where extraoccular eye muscles attach

A

scleara

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49
Q

parts of the middle eye

A

Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris
Pupil

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50
Q

the thin middle layer of ciliary aa and vorticose vv

A

choroid

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51
Q

smooth muscle around the lens for accommodation

A

ciliary body

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52
Q

the colored smooth muscle behind the cornea for controlling pupil size

A

iris

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53
Q

the adjustable aperature thru which light enters eyes

A

pupil

54
Q

what connects ciliary body to the lens

A

zonular ligaments

55
Q

how do vorticose veins come together

A

at the equitorial line in quadrants

56
Q

features of the inner eye

A

Retina, Macula lutea, Fovea centralis, optic disc

57
Q

the neural layer of the eye which receives light rays

A

Retina

58
Q

the oval region of retina for visual acuity (yellow in color thus only visible with red-free light)

A

Macula lutea

59
Q

the most acute vision site at the center of macula

A

fovea centralis

60
Q

the region where CN II and retinal vessels enter and exit

A

optic disc

61
Q

where retinal nerves come together to begin to form CN II

A

optic disc

62
Q

dura is what on the eye

A

sclera

63
Q

arachnoid is what on eye

A

choroid

64
Q

if too much CSF pressure, what happens to the optic disk

A

begin to buldge out towards retina

65
Q

blind spot of eye

A

optic disk

66
Q

refractive meida of the eye

A

cornea, lens, aqueous humor, vitrous humor

67
Q

the part of eye largely responsible for refraction of light in the ye

A

cornea

68
Q

what focuses light rays and near or distant objects on retina

A

lens

69
Q

the watery filling anterior to lens

A

aqueous humor

70
Q

the gelatinous filling posterior to lens

A

vitreous humor (body)

71
Q

when resportion in eye is blocked, what happens

A

glocoma (buildup of anterior pressure)

72
Q

where is the lacrimal gland

A

in the superior lateral corner of the orbit

73
Q

where do tears collect

A

lacrimal lake

74
Q

the opens for the ducts for the nasolacrimal duct

A

pumpta

75
Q

the ducts from the eye to the nasolacrimal duct

A

superior and inferior lacrimal caniculi

76
Q

how do the superior and inferior lacrimal caniculi drain

A

from the pumpta to the lacrimal sac

77
Q

where does the lacrimal sac sit

A

the bony fossa

78
Q

where does the nasolacrimal duct open

A

inferior to the nasolacrimal concha

79
Q

what muscles of the eye are outside of the tendonous ring of the eye

A

levator palpebra superioris
superior oblique
inferior oblique

80
Q

raises upper eyelid

A

levator palpebrea superioris m

81
Q

action of superior rectus m

A

elevates and adducts eye

82
Q

action of inferior rectus m

A

depresses and adducts eye

83
Q

action of lateral rectus m

A

abducts eye

84
Q

action of medial rectus m

A

abducts eye

85
Q

action of superior oblique m

A

dpresses and abducts eye and medially rotates eye

86
Q

action of inferior oblique m

A

elevates and abducts eye and laterally rotates eye

87
Q

orbital axis relation to visual axis

A

misaligned and gives us 3D vision

88
Q

Roll of CN III in the eye

A

supplies levator palpebrea superioris, Superior recturs, medial rectus, Inferior rectus and inferior oblique mm
Caries para sympa to ciliary gnaglion

89
Q

roll of CN IV in the eye

A

supplies superior Oblique m

90
Q

CN VI in the eye

A

supplies Lateral rectus

91
Q

pneumonic for motor nerve innervation of the eye

A

LR6(SO4)R3

92
Q

what muscles are tested when eye is neutral

A

lateral and medial rectus

93
Q

what msucles are tested when the eye is abducted

A

superior and inferior rectus

94
Q

what muscle are tested when the eye is adducted

A

superior and inferior obliques

95
Q

the nerve fibers between the eye and chiasm

A

optic n

96
Q

the x shaped intermingling of nerve fibers

A

optic chiasm

97
Q

the nerve fibers from chiasm to brain

A

optic tract

98
Q

the 2 visual fields

A

temporal retina

nasal retina

99
Q

what visual field crosses over at the chiasm

A

temporal vision

100
Q

what vision remains ipsilateral

A

nasal vision

101
Q

how to detect blindness

A

visual field testing where the location of lesion determines deficit

102
Q

results in total blindness in affected eye

A

optic nerve lesion

103
Q

produces loss of peripheral vision

A

optic chiasm lesion

104
Q

results in ipsilateral nasal visual field loss and contralateral temporal visual field loss

A

optic tract lesion

105
Q

roll of the ciliray ganglion

A

receives post synaptic parasympa from CNII

Supplies parasympa to ciliary m and pupillary sphincter m

106
Q

sympa fibers of eye roll

A

pupillary dilator m

107
Q

how does sympathetic innervation reach the eye

A

via the internal carotid plexus

108
Q

where is the ciliary gnaglion

A

near optic nerve right behind the eye

109
Q

what does the pupillary light reflex test

A

CN II and CN III

110
Q

if there is CN III parasympathic lesion, what happens

A

pupil remains dilated

111
Q

direct and consensual response to pupillary light reflex

A

direct: same eye constricts
consensual: different eye constricts

112
Q

3 divisons of CN V1 in the orbit

A

Nasociliary N
Frontal N (most superior)
Lacrimal N

113
Q

branches off the nasociliary N

A

Ethmoidal and infratrochlear nnn

long ciliary nn (sensory and symp) to posterior eye

114
Q

branches off frontal N

A

supraorbital and supratrochlear nn

115
Q

what does the lacrimal n supply

A

lacrimal gland and conjuctiva

116
Q

arteries of the orbit and eye

A 
opthalmic a
posterior ciliary aa
central retinal a
ethmoidal aa
supraorbital a
supratrochlear a
lacrimal a
117
Q

what artery gives rise to all the arteries of the eye

A

ophthalmic a

118
Q

what artery supplies the outer and middle layers of the eye

A

posterior ciliary aa

119
Q

what artery supplies the inner layer of the retina

A

central retinal a

120
Q

what artery supplies the anterior cranial fossa, nose, and sinuses

A

ethmoidal aa

121
Q

what artery supplies central region of forehead

A

supraorbital a

122
Q

what artery supplies the medial region of forehead

A

supratrochlear a

123
Q

what artery supplies the lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal a

124
Q

Vein from the upper medial orbit

A

superior ophthalmic v

125
Q

vein from the lower medial orbit

A

inferior ophthalmic v

126
Q

draining of the superior and inferior ophthalmic v

A

anastomose with facial v and drain to cavernous sinus

127
Q

drain the retina

A

cetral retinal v

128
Q

what does the central retinal v drain into

A

cavernous sinus

129
Q

what does corticose vv drain into

A

superior and inferior ophthalmic vv

130
Q

where can ophthalmic veins drain

A

facial v and veins of scalp anterior
cavernous sinus posterior
pterygoid plexus posterior and inferior

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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