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Anatomy exam 5 > the ear > Flashcards

the ear Flashcards

1
Q

what is the exernal ear

A

auricle, external acoustic meatus up until the tympanic membrane

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2
Q

the outermost pat of ear

A

helix

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3
Q

inner raised area of the ear

A

antihelix

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4
Q

traiangular shape thing that covers ear hole

A

tragus

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5
Q

the oposite triangle shape thing of the ear

A

antitragus

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6
Q

the ear lobe

A

the ear lobule

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7
Q

parts of the extneral ear canal

A

cartilaginous, fatty, and bony portions

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8
Q

what makes up the tympanic membrane

A

the 1st pharyngeal pouch and cleft

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9
Q

what muscle gives tension to ear drum

A

tensor tympani

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10
Q

innervation of tensor tympani m

A

CN V3 (1st pharyngeal arch derivative)

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11
Q

what attaches to the tympanic membrane

A

the handle of the malleus (manubrium)

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12
Q

folds of the tympanic membrane

A

posterior and anterior mallear fold

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13
Q

roll of tympanic membrane

A

allows for tension to be placed on the membrane

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14
Q

part of tympanic membrane that reflects light under normal circumstances

A

cone of light

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15
Q

wear do ear infections occure

A

middle ear

swimmers ear is external ear

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16
Q

the air space within the temporal bone

A

tympanic cavity

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17
Q

roll of the tympanic cavity

A

serves as a relay center for sound waves

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18
Q

the 2 continuous regions of the tympanic cavity

A

tympanic cavity proper: medial to tympanic membrane

Epitympanic recess: superior to tympanic membrane

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19
Q

the opening to the mastoid air cells

A

aditus

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20
Q

where the tensor vellatini attaches on the auditory tube

A

on the anterior membranous portion of the tube

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21
Q

the boney roof of the middle ear

A

tegmen tympani

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22
Q

the floor of the middle ear

A

jugular wall

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23
Q

what forms the floor of the middle ear

A

thin plate of tympanic portion of the temporal bone

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24
Q

what does the jugular wall (floor of the middle ear separate)

A

middle ear cavity from the jugular fossa

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25
Q

what does the jugular fossa contain

A

the jugular bulb of the IJV

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26
Q

what does tensor tympani attach to

A

the manubrium of the maleus

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27
Q

what oscicles articulate with each other

A

tymapnic membrane: maleus-incus-stapes

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28
Q

what stablies the oscicles

A

ligaments

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29
Q

what bones doe the choda tympani pass between

A

between the maleus and the incus

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30
Q

the protuberance foacing the tympanic membrane of the meidal wall of the tympanic cavity

A

promontory

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31
Q

the oval window that receives the base of the stapes

A

Fenestra vestibuli

32
Q

the round window covered in membrane locatated inferior to the oval

A

Fenestra

33
Q

what is found on the meidal wall of the tympanic cavity

A 
promontory
Fenestra vestibuli= oval window
Fenestra Cochlea= round window
Facial canal prominece
Lateral semicirculat canal prominence
tendon of the tensor tympani m
34
Q

what overlyes the promontory of the meidal wall

A

a plexus of the tympanic nerve

35
Q

what does the plexus of the tympanic that lies over the promontory contribures to autonomics that supply

A

the parotid gland

36
Q

the anterior wall of the middle ear

A

carotid wall

37
Q

the carotid wall of the middle ear is formed by

A

a thin plate of tympanic portion of the temporal bone

38
Q

what does the carotid wall of th anterior middle ear seaprate

A

middle ear caivty from the carotid canal

39
Q

what 2 openings are found on the superior aspect of the carotid wall

A

auditory tube

semicanal for tensor tympani

40
Q

the posterior wall of the middle ear

A

mastoid wall

41
Q

features of the mastoid wall (posterior) of the middle ear

A

pyramidal eminence

aditus ad antrum

42
Q

the hollow projuection of bone serving as the origin of the stapedius m

A

pyramidal eminence

43
Q

the enterance to the tympanic antrum

A

aditus ad antrum

44
Q

what does the aditus ad antrum lead into

A

leads to posterior inferior into the mastoid air cells

45
Q

what innervates the stapedius muscle

A

CN VII (pharyngeal arch 2)

46
Q

what attahces to the pars tensa of the tympanic membrane

A

the handle of the malleus

47
Q

what part of the malleus articulates with the incus

A

the head of the malleus

48
Q

middle ear muscle

A

tensor tympani m

stapedius m

49
Q

roll of middle ear muscle

A

reduce oscillations of ossicles

protect inner ear from injury during loud noises

50
Q

arterial supply to the middle ear

A

vympanic branches of carotid arteries and its brnaches
(anterior tympanic(maxilllary/external carotid), inferior tympanic, superior tympanic, stylomastoid, and caroticotympanic aa(internal coarotid))

51
Q

what does the middle ear drain to

A

to superior petrosal sinus or pterygoid plexus

52
Q

what anastomoses in the middle ear

A

internal and external carotid arteries

53
Q

innervation of the middle ear

A

CN VII (Facial nerve)

54
Q

travel of CN VII (Facial nerve) to the middle ear

A

enters facial canal and runs posteriorly
travels in medial wall of middle ear
passes over oval window and turns inferior
passes behind the round window
continues inferior inferiorly to exit at the stylomastoid foramen

55
Q

how the facial nerves enters the skull

A

internal acoustic meatus

56
Q

the greater petrosal nerve caries what fibers

A

parasympa fibers to pterygopalatine ganglion

57
Q

the greater petrosal nerve brnaches from

A

geniculate ganglion of CN VII

58
Q

what does the greater petrosal nerve join

A

joins the deep petrosal nerve (sympa) to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal

59
Q

travel of the greater petrosal nerve

A

from hiatus of greater petrosal nerve to pterygoid canal

from petrous temporal toaward foramen lacerum

60
Q

where is the tympanic plexus of nerves found

A

under the mucosal linging of the promontory in the middle ear

61
Q

what does the tympanic plexus of nerves supply

A

the mastoid air cells and auditory tube

62
Q

what forms the tympanic plexus of nn

A 
formed by tympanic branches of CN IX (parasympa)
cartoticotympanic nn ( Sympa)
63
Q

the lesser petrosal nerve is a branch of

A

tympanic plexus from CN IX as a continuation of tympanic brnach of CN IX

64
Q

the lesser petrosal nerves caries what

A

parasympa fibers to otic ganglion to supply to parotid gland

65
Q

travel of the lesser petrosal nerve

A

from hiatus of lesser petrosal n to foramen ovale

66
Q

where is the otic gnaglion in relation to foramen ovale

A

below foramen ovale

67
Q

para sympa ganglion to the head

A

ciliary
pterygopalatine
submandibular
otic

68
Q

where is the cochlea of the internal ear

A

more medial than the rest of the inner ear

69
Q

roll of the semicircular canals

A

sense balance and position

70
Q

roll of cochlea

A

senses hearing

71
Q

the location of the oval window

A

behinning of cochlea (to receive stapes)

72
Q

location of the round window

A

end of cochlea(closed by membrane)

73
Q

relation of the saccule and the utricle

A

utricle is more dorsal

74
Q

location of the cochlear nerve

A

inside the spiral of cochlea

75
Q

travel of sound

A 
enter oval window
scala vestibuli
helicotrema
scala tympani
round window

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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