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Anatomy exam 5 > craniovertebral joints, retropharyngeal space, and disarticulation > Flashcards

craniovertebral joints, retropharyngeal space, and disarticulation Flashcards

1
Q

C1

C2

A

Atlas

Axis

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2
Q

what does the atlanto-occipital joint allow for

A

nodding yes

tilting of head, side-to-side

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3
Q

roll of atlanto-axial joint

A

rotation for no

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4
Q

what type of joint are the artlanto-occipital and the atlanto-axial

A

synovial without discs

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5
Q

what vertebra moves with the skull during rotation

A

C1

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6
Q

what makes up the atlantoaxial joint

A

anterior arch of C1 and dens of C2

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7
Q

range of motion of the atlantoaxial joint

A

rotation (50% of cervical rotation) pivot joint

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8
Q

what makes up the atlanto-occipital joint

A

occipital condyles and superior facets of C1

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9
Q

what is the range of motion of the atlanto-occipital joint

A

flexion/extension condyloid joint

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10
Q

the periosteal dura mater is continuous inferiorly where

A

into the spinal column

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11
Q

what is beneith(inferior) the dura mater of the spinal column

A

tectorial membrane

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12
Q

a superior extension of the posterior longitudinal ligament across the atlanto-occipital joint

A

tectorial membrean

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13
Q

what is benieth(inferior) the tectoral membrane

A

craniovertebral joints and deep ligaments

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14
Q

location of the anterior and posterior longitudianl ligaments

A

on the anterior surface and posterior surface of the vertebral body

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15
Q

the superior extension of the anterior longitudinal ligament

A

anterior atlanto-occipital membrane

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16
Q

the anterior atlanto-occipital membrane attaches where

A

to the base of the occipital bone superiorly at the margin of foramen magnum

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17
Q

what does the anterior atlanto-occipital mebrane cover

A

the anterior arch of the atlas inferiorly

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18
Q

the posterior membrane between atlas and occipital bone

A

posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

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19
Q

the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane is the uppermost extent of what

A

ligamentum flavum

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20
Q

what gap does the ligamentum flavum fill

A

between posterior vertebral arches

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21
Q

the ligamentum flavum runs between

A

between the lamina of the vertebral arches

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22
Q

deep craniovertebral ligaments

A

transverse ligament of the atlas
Cruciform (cruciate) ligament of the atlas
Alar(check) ligaments
apical ligament of the dens (apical dental)

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23
Q

what does the transverse ligament of the atlas hold together

A

dens of axis tightly to anterior arch of atlas

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24
Q

shape and strength of transverse ligament of atlas

A

V.strong

bow shaped

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25
Q

why do fractures of the dens not reunite

A

fractures occur at the base, and do not reunite due to the position of the transverse ligament of atlas

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26
Q

what forms the cruciform (Cruciate) ligament

A

transvese ligament of atlas and 2 bands

27
Q

the superior longitudinal band of the cruciform (cruciate) ligament attaches to what

A

foramen magnum base

28
Q

the inferior longitudinal band of the cruciform (cruciate) ligamnet attaches to what

A

dens of C2 post

29
Q

orientation of the crura of the cruciform (cruciate) ligament

A

vertically oriented

30
Q

the bands(crura) of the cruciform ligament with the transverse ligament of the atlas forms what shape

A

cross

31
Q

what are the alar (Check) ligaments

A

strong paired ligaments that extend from dens to medial portions of occipital condyles

32
Q

roll of the alar (Check) ligament

A

check lateral rotation of skull/head

33
Q

travel of the apical ligament of the dens

A

slender band ascending from apex of dens to attach to anterior margin of foramen magnum

34
Q

location of the apical ligament of the dens

A

located deep to superior longitudinal band of cruciform ligament

35
Q

where does the internal jugular vein emerge

A

jugular foramen

36
Q

where does the internal carotid a enter

A

carotid canal

37
Q

what gives rise to the internal carotid plexus

A

sympathetic trunk

38
Q

where does CN VII(facial) emerge

A

stylomastoid foramen

39
Q

what nerves come out of the

jugular foramen

A

CN IX, X, XI

40
Q

where does CN XII emerge

A

hypoglossal canal

41
Q

what does the Pharynx hang from

A

pkharyngeal tubercle

42
Q

location of the carotid sheath to pharynx

A

lateral and posterolateral to pharynx

43
Q

location of the sympathetic trunk to carotid sheath

A

posetromedial to carotid sheath

44
Q

how sympathetic get to head

A

leave T1 to go with carotid plexus. Internal for inside of head and eye and external is go to face

45
Q

what ganglia do CN IX and X give rise to

A

superior and inferior ganglia within the jugular foramen

46
Q

what gives rise to the superior cervical ganglion and sends off internal carotid plexus to travel on ICA

A

sympathetic trunk

47
Q

what does the glossopharyngeal N (CN IX) travel with

A

on the lateral side of stylopharyngeus m between ICA and ECA to innervate it

48
Q

what does the glossopharyngeal N (CN IX) travel to

A

to the pharynx and back of tongue

49
Q

what does the vagus N (CN X) give off at the base of the skull

A

pharyngeal N

Superior Laryngeal N

50
Q

where does the Pharyngeal N arise

A

2 cm inferior to skull base

51
Q

travel of the pharyngeal N

A

between ICA and ECA to innervate the pharynx

52
Q

where does the superior laryngeal N arise

A

just below the pharyngeal branch of the vagus.

53
Q

what does the superior laryngeal N innervate

A

the larynx

54
Q

what forms the pharyngeal plexus of nerves

A

Pharyngeal branches of CN IX and CN X

55
Q

what does CN IX do for pharyngeal plexus

A

contributes sensory fibers to plexus

56
Q

what muscle does CN IX innvervate

A

stylopharyngeus m

57
Q

what does CN X innervate

A

motor innervation to pharyngeal mm

parasympathetic

58
Q

where does sympathetic innervation come from for the pharyngeal plexus

A

superior cervical ganglion

59
Q

where does CN XI (accessory N) travel

A

immediately lateral to CN X at base of skull between ICA and IJV as it descends

60
Q

what does Accessory N (CN XI) innervate

A

SCM and Trapezius m

61
Q

where does the hypolglossal N (CN XII) leave the skul

A

hypoglossal canal

62
Q

travel of the Hypoglossal N(CN XII)

A

runs inferior within submandibular triangle

63
Q

what does the hypoglossal N (CN XII) innervate

A

mm of tongue

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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