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Anatomy exam 5 > gross brain, meninges, dural sinuses and cranial fossae > Flashcards

gross brain, meninges, dural sinuses and cranial fossae Flashcards

1
Q

roll of brain

A

stimulartes movement
Maintains homeostatis
produce thought

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2
Q

what does the central sulcus separate

A

between frontal and parietal lobes

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3
Q

what does the parieto-occipital sulcus separate

A

between parietal and occipital lobes

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4
Q

what does the lateral fissure/sulcus separate

A

temporal and frontal lobes

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5
Q

what does the longitudinal fissure separate

A

between 2 cerebral hemispheres

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6
Q

what does the parieto-occipital sulcus separate

A

the parietal lobe and the occipital lobe

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7
Q

what fibers connect the cerebral hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

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8
Q

what is the relay station for all sense except olfaction

A

thalamus

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9
Q

what is the center for autonomic and endocrine function

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

what is the master gland for homeostasis

A

pituitary gland

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11
Q

what is the center for sleep-wake cycles

A

pineal gland

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12
Q

what is the nuclei related to emotions

A

mammillary bodies

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13
Q

which cranial nerve comes from the dorsal part of the brainstem

A

trochlear

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14
Q

what type of nerons are olfactory nerons

A

bipolar

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15
Q

what does CN III come out from betwen

A

posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar

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16
Q

what does CN III come out from betwen

A

posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar

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17
Q

where does the abducens Nerve leave brainstem

A

at the ponto-medullary juntion

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18
Q

what comes off the bassillar artery

A 
anterior inferior cerebellar artery
labyrinthine artery
pontine artery
superior cebellar arteries
posterior cebellar arteries
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19
Q

what comes off the vertebral artery

A

the posterior inferior cebellar artery
anterior spinal artery
posterior spinal arteries

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20
Q

2 main sources of blood to the brain

A

Internal Carotid Arterial system

Vertebrobasilar arterial system

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21
Q

what is the anastomosis of the internal carotid and vertbrobasilar arterial systems

A

the circle of willis

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22
Q

travel of the internal carotid artery to enter the cranial cavity

A 
ascends neck to base of skull
enters carotid canal and makes a 90 degree turn
ascends superior through foramen lacerum
enters the cavernous sinus 
into cranial cavity
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23
Q

what does the internal carotid artery supply

A

the anterior and middle brain

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24
Q

travel of the vertebral artery

A

Ascends thru the transverse formina of C6 and above
makes 90 degree turn
enters foramen magnum
joins opposite vertebral artery to make basilar artery

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25
what does the vertebral artery supply
posterior brain
26
arteries that make the circle of willis
``` anterior communicating artery anterior cerebral arteries internal carotid arteries Posterior communicating arteries posterior cerebral arteries ```
27
branches of the internal carotid aryery
``` ophthalmis aa (eyes) middle and anterior cerbral arteries ```
28
what does the internal carotid artery anastomose with
posterior communicating arteries
29
what does the internal carotid artery supply
anterior and middle brain.
30
what does the anterior cerebral aa supply
supply anterior and medial cerebrum
31
what does the middle cerebral aa supply
anterior and lateral cerbrum
32
what does the posterior cerebral aa supply
posterior and inferior cerebrum
33
what does the superior cerebellar arteries supply
supply supr cerebellum
34
what does the anterior inferior cerebellar aa supply
anterior and inferior cerebellum
35
what does the posterior inferior cerebellar aa supply
posterior and inferior cerebellum
36
bones of the anterior cranial fossa
``` frontal ethmoid lesser wing of sphenoid anterior clinoid processes of sphenoid body of sphenoid ```
37
what nerve is found in the naterior cranial fossa
CN I (olfactory N)
38
what does the olfactory bulb lay on
the cribiform plate
39
what makes up the middle cranial fossa
the sphenoid the temporal bone the pariental bone
40
fossa of the middle cranial fossa
``` superior orbital fissure optic canal foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen spinosum carotid canal foramen lacerum ```
41
what coveres foramen lacerum
a cartilagenous plug
42
what is found in the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone body
the pituitary
43
foman assocaited with the posterior cranial fossa
foramen magnum hypopglossal canal jugular foramen
44
bones of the posterior cranial fossa
temporal parietal occipital
45
what passes through foramen magnum
spinal cord, vertebral arteries | accessory nerve enters skull
46
what passes through the jugular foramen
CN IX, X, and XI exits | intenral jugular vein
47
layers of the dura mater
periosteal | menengial layer
48
what is between the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer of the dura
sinuses
49
is the dura mater vascularized
yes
50
the big artery that supplies the dura
middle meningeal artery | also ethmoid artery branhces, occipital aryery branches and vertebral artery branches
51
what does the middle meningeal artery travel through
foramen spinosum
52
where does the middle meningeal vessels travel
between the dura layers
53
parts of the middle meningeal arteries
frontal and parietal
54
what does the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery lie beneith
the pteryon
55
what does tearing of the middle meningeal artery lead to
epidural (extradural) hematoma (bleeding between dura and skull)
56
a hematoma from the middle meningeal artery leads to
exerting fatal pressure on the brain
57
is the brain innervated
no, but the dura is
58
what supplies innervation of the dura
``` CN V1 (frontal and tentoral cerebelli) CN V2 (frontal and middle) CN V3(frontal, middle, and posterior dura on the lateral surface) Cervical branches (posterior cranial fossa ```
59
what drains into the dural venous sinuses
``` Emissary vein(tranvserse entire skull) and diploic vein(brain from the bone) Cerebral veins (neural tissue) ```
60
what direction do dural venous sinuses drain
anterior to posterior
61
most superior dural sinuse
superior sagital sinus
62
what does the superior sagital sinus drain into
confluence of sinuses
63
sinus fod at the inferior portion of the falx cerebri
inferior sagital sinus
64
what does the inferior sagital sinus drain to
straight sinus then confluence of sinuses
65
what does the confluence of sinuses drain into
the R and L transverse sinus then sigmoid sinus then internal jugular vein
66
what drains into the cavernous sinus
opthalmic vein
67
where are the vacernous sinuses found
lateral to the pituitary
68
what sinus drains the parietal and temporal lobes
intercavernous sinuses, then cavernous sinus, the superior petrosal sinus along petrus ridge, then sigmoid sinus, and out via the internal jugular vein
69
dural venous sinuses have valves
no
70
what passes through the cavernous sinus
internal carotid a and CN VI
71
what is found in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus
CN III, IV, V1 and V2
72
if the cavernous sinus is injured or infected, what can also be affected
ICA or CN's
73
Breaking of ICA when the skull base fractures leads to
arteriovenous fistula
74
what covers the cerbral veins
the arachnoid mater
75
veins from the cerebral veins that drain into the superior sagital sinus
bridging veins
76
the thin non-vascular membrane loosely surrounding the brain
arachnoid mater
77
what does the arachnoic mater cover
all fissures and sulci of brain
78
roll of the CFS
acts as a shock absorber by forming a fluid cushion over gyri and sulci (also nutrients)
79
what is found in the subarachnoid space
cerebral and cerebellar blood vessels, CSF
80
what allows the CSF to be absorbed into the superior sagital sinus
arachnoid granulations
81
what makes CSF
choroid plexus in lateral ventricles and roof of 3rd, and floor of 4th
82
what crosses the pia mater
vesels that supply the brain

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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