larynx Flashcards
what makes up the larynx
cartilage, ligaments, membranes. muscles (no bone)
larynx length
C3-C6
roll of hyoid on larynx
hold up the larynx
3 regions of the larynx
Vestibule
Ventricle(between the folds of the larynx)
Infraglottic
the laryngeal cartilages
(9)
unpaired: epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage
Paired: arytenoid cartilage, corniculate cartilage, cuneiform cartilage
what are laryngeal cartilages made of
hyaline cartilage (except for epiglottis which is elastic)
what holds the epiglottis to the thyroid
thyro-epiglottic ligament
the 2 large flat parts of the thyroid cartilage that fuse together at the anterior midline
lamina
the adam’s apple
laryngeal prominence
roll of superior and inferior horns of the thyroid cartilage
anchor it to hyoid or articulate with the cricoid cartilage
shape of the cricoid cartialge
ring with thick lamina (posterior) and thin arch (anterior)
where the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage meet
at the cricothyroid joint (small synovial joint)
importance of the cricothyroid joint
tilt thyroid to tighten vocal cords
main motor for the larynx
recurrent laryngeal nerve (branch of vagus)
where the recurrent laryngeal nerve becomes the inferior laryngeal nerve
at the cricothyroid joint
what sits onto of the cricoid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage
where muscles attach on the arytenoid cartilage
on the posterior muscular process(broad)
where the vocal cords attach on the arytenoid cartilage
on the thin, anterior vocal process
where are the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages
corniculate: on the arytenoid cartilage
Cuneiform: in ligament
extrnisic ligaments of the thyroid
thyrohyoid membrane: lateral thyrohyoid ligament(2) and medial thyrohyoid lig
Cricotracheal lig.
Hyo-epiglottic lig.
intrinsic ligaments of the larynx
cricothyroid lig: vocal ligament, median cricothyroid lig
Quadrangular membrane: vestibular lig
what covers the structures of the larynx
mucous membrane
difference between vocal fold, vestibular fold and the vocal and vistibular ligament
fold have the mucous membrane covering it
what is the quadrangular membrane covered in mecus membrane
aryepiglottic fold
relation of the vestibular ligmaent and the vocal ligaments
vestibular is superior and slightly lateral
the space between the vestibular fold
rima vestibuli
the space between the vocal fold
rima glottidis
what innervates the larynx muscles
inferior laryngeal n(except cricothyroid muscle: external laryngeal n)
parts of the the cricothyroid muscle
lateral: oblique portion
medial: straight portion
roll of ciricothyroid cartilage
pulls on the thyroid cartilage to tighte the vocal cords
muscle of the internal larynx
vocalis m lateral crico-arytenoid m posterior crico-arytenoid m oblique arytenoid m transverse arytenoid m
action of the posterior crico-arytenoid
opens the rima glottidis (the only muscle that does
what do all larynx musculature do to the vocal cords except posterior ciroco-arytenoid m
tightens or close the rima glottidis
what larynx muscle is esential to maintaining an open airway
posterior cryoarytenoid mm
the spasmodic closure of glottis (life threatening
laryngospasm
cause of spasm of laryngeal mm
iritating cheical
pharmaceutical side effects…
what does the superior laryngeal a supply
the upper larynx
the superior laryngeal a branches from
superior thyroid a
what does the superior laryngeal a run with
internal laryngeal n
what does the inferior laryngeal a suppy
the lower larynx
what does the inferior laryngeal artery branch from
inferior thyroid a from the thyrocervical trunk
what does the inferior laryngeal a travel with
inferior laryngeal n
the superior laryngeal n gives rise to
internal laryngeal n
external laryngeal n
what nerve pierces the thyrohyoid membrane
internal laryngeal n
what nerve circles the aorta or subclavian a
recurrent laryngeal n
the recurrent laryngeal n becomes
the inferior laryngeal n posterior to the cricothyroid joint
injury to internal laryngeal nn cause
sensory loss to superior larynx (enable food to more easily enter larynx
injury to inferior laryngeal nn leads to
paralyzes mm ipsilateral and paparlysis of vocal fold ipsilateral
hoarseness as vocal folds cannot meet in midline
bilateral loss is total loss of voice
