Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy exam 5 > eye and ear development > Flashcards

eye and ear development Flashcards

1
Q

the cornea is continuous with

A

the sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is just deep to the sclera

A

the choroid(Vascular) then retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is deep to cornea

A

aqueous humor, iris, lens (with supspensory ligament)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when does the eye first appear

A

at 22 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is the eye first seen

A

as optic grooves on the side of the forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The neural tube closes and grooves form out-pocketing known as what for the eye

A

optic vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does lens induction begin

A

when vesicles contact the surface ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when the vesicles contact the surface ectoderm, what doe they do

A

invaginate and the double walled optic cup forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cells of the surface ectoderm, in contact with the optic vesicle elongate to form what

A

lens placode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the lens placode develop into

A

the lens vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what eventually happens to the lens placode

A

looses contact with the surface ectoderm and rests in the mouth of the optic cup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what separates the layers of the optic cup intially

A

intraretinal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what eventually happens to the intraretinal space

A

quickly disappears and the two lays appose each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the invagination of the inferior aspect of the optic cup form

A

choroid fissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what allows the hyaloid artery to reach the inner chamber of the eye

A

Choroid fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what forms the future pupil

A

edges of the choroid fissure fuse and optic cup mouth becomes a round opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

failure of the retinal fissure to close in the 7th week leads to

A

Coloboma, key hole appearance of the iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what later of the optic cup is the retinal pigment layer

A

the outer layer of the optic cup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

layers of the neural layer f the retina

A

Pars optica retinae
Mantle layer
axons from neurons of deeper layers to collect on retinal surface in a fiber layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what makes up the pars optica retinae

A

rods and cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what makes up the mantle layer of the retina

A

generates neurons and glia of outer and inner nuclear layers and ganglion layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what forms the optic stalk and optic nerve

A

Axons retinol ganglion cells converging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the anterior fifth of the inner layer of the eye consists of

A

Iris & Ciliary Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the anterior 1/5 of inner layer divides into 2 separate parts with roles:

A

to form the inner layer of the iris

to help to form the ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the region betwen the optic cup and the overlying surface epithelium contains ___ that forms ____

A

mesenchym

sphincter and dilatory pupillae muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what happens to the pars ciliaris retinae

A

becomes infolded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what covers the outside of the pars ciliaris retinae

A

mesenchym that forms ciliary muscle to control lens curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what covers the inside of the parts ciliaris retinae to connect to the lens

A

elastic fibers known as suspensory ligaments or zonula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what happens to lens vesicle due to elongation of cells of the posterior wall

A

these cells elongate anteriorly and form long fibers that will fill the lumen of the vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

when do the primary lens fibers reach the anterior wall of the lens

A

7th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what surrounds the eye during the 5th wek

A

loose mesenchyme with 2 layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the inner layer of the loose mesenchyme that surrounds the eye

A

like pia, ultimately forms the choroid, that is vascular and pigmented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the outer layer of the loose mesenchym that surrounds the eye

A

dura, ultimately forms the sclera, that is continuous with the dura of optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what does the cornea come from

A

the anterior mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the anterior chamber forms b/c

A

vacuolization of mesenchyme into 2 layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the anterior portion of mesenchyme that forms the inner layer that is in front of the lens and iris

A

the iridopupillary membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what happens to the iridopupillary membran

A

ultimately disappears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

the outer layer of the anterior mesenchyme of the eye forms

A

the substantia propria of the cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

layers of the cornea

A

epithelial layer from surface ectoderm
stroma, continuous with eclera
epithelial layer, borders anterior chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what fills the anterior and posterior chambers

A

fluid, aqueous humor, ciliary processes of ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

how do the anterior and posterior chamberes communicate with each other

A

through the pupil, from posterior to anterior,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

why fluid flow from anterior and posterior chambers is important

A

provide nutrients for avascular cornea and lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

where does fluid pass after the anterior chamber

A

passes through canal of schlemm at iridocorneal angle

44
Q

blockage at the canal of schlemm leads to

A

glaucoma

45
Q

formation of the hyloid vessels

A

mesenchym surrounds the eye primordium and invades the optic cup via chroid fissure

46
Q

role of th hyloid vessels

A

support lens in utero and forms a vascular layer on the inner retina

47
Q

what forms the fine network of fibers between the lens and retina

A

the invading mesenchym

48
Q

how the vitreous body is formed

A

interstitial spaces fill with gelatinous material

49
Q

what connects the brain to the optic cup

A

the optic stalk

50
Q

where is the choroid fissure found

A

on the ventral surface of the optic stalk

51
Q

the choroid fissure contains

A

hyaloid vessels

52
Q

where do retinal nerve fibers going into the brain lie in the optic stalk

A

along the inner wall

53
Q

when does the choroid fissure close

A

7th week

54
Q

closing of the choroid fissure leads to

A

formation of a tunnel in the optic stalk
nerve fibers add in
outer walls of stalk fuse

55
Q

the optic stalk becomes

A

the optic nerve

56
Q

the central artery of the retina

A

hyaloid artery

57
Q

3 parts of the ear

A

external=collect sound
middle= conduct sound
inner= converts sound waves and detects changes in equilibrium to convert them to nerve impulses

58
Q

organ of corti

A

found in the cochlea to determine sound

59
Q

cristae

A

found in the semicircular ducts to detect angular acceleration

60
Q

maculae

A

found in the utricle and Saccule to detect linear acceleration

61
Q

when does the otic placode appear

A

22 days

62
Q

thickening of surface ectoderm on each side of the rhombencephalon

A

Otic placode

63
Q

how is the internal ear formed

A

the otic placode invaginates to form otic or auditory vesicles

64
Q

what does each otic vesicle develop into

A

Ventral component

Dorsal component

65
Q

the ventral component of the otic Vesicle develops into

A

the saccule and cochlear duct

66
Q

the dorsal component of the otic Vesicle develops into

A

the Utricle, semicircular canals, endolymphatic duct

67
Q

when does the saccule form a tubular outpocketing to make the cochlear duct

A

week 6

68
Q

travel of the cochlear duct

A

penetrates mesenchym and spirals 2.5 turns, still connected to the saccule by the ductus reuniens

69
Q

the mesenchyme that surrounds the cochlear duct differentiates into

A

cartilage

70
Q

what happens to the cartilage of the inner ear

A

becomes vacuolated and perilymphatic spaces arise, forming the scala vestibuli and scala tympani

71
Q

what separates the cochlear duct and scala vestibuli

A

Vestibular membrane

72
Q

what separates the cochlear duct and scala tympani

A

basilar membrane

73
Q

what supports medial cochlear duct

A

modiolus

74
Q

the modiolus the supports the medial cochlear duct becomes

A

the axis of the future bony cochlea

75
Q

epithelial cells of the cochlear ducts are what initially and change into water later

A

uniform initially, 2 ridges later

76
Q

the outer ridge of the cochlear duct forms

A

1 row of inner and 3 rows of outer hair cells

77
Q

what covers the hair cells

A

tectorial membrane

78
Q

gelatinous material attached to spiral limbus and rests on top of hair cells

A

tectorial membrane

79
Q

what are hair cells and tectorial membrane together known as

A

organ of corti

80
Q

how are impulses from the organ of corti sent out

A

to sprial ganglion and then brain via CNVIII

81
Q

what do the semicircular cancals appear out of

A

out pocketing of the utricle

82
Q

when do semicircular canals appear

A

week 6

83
Q

what happens to the ends of each semicircular canal

A

one end dialates (crus ampullare) , the other does not (Crus nonampullare)0

84
Q

ampullae cells form a crest called for angular acceleration

A

the crista ampullaris

85
Q

what develops in the walls of the utricle and saccule for linear acceleration

A

Macule acusticae

86
Q

how are impulse in cristae and maculae, body position carried to brain

A

CNVIII

87
Q

what does the tympanic cavity come from

A

endoderm from 1st pharyngeal pouch

88
Q

how is the primitive tympanic cavity formed

A

pouch expands

distal aspect becomes tubotympanic recess, which widens

89
Q

the proximal pouch of 1st pharyngeal pouch becomes

A

the auditory tube

90
Q

incus and malleus form from

A

cartilage of 1st pharyngeal arch

91
Q

the stapes is derived from

A

cartilage of 2nd pharyngeal arch

92
Q

when do the ossicles no longer become embedded in mesenchyme

A

end of 8th month, when surrounding tissue involutes

93
Q

what extends into the space left by the surronding tissues of the ossicles involution

A

endodermal epithelial lining of the primitive tympanic cavity extends into said space

94
Q

how are the ossicles connected to the wall once completely free of surrounding mesenchyme

A

endodermal lining connects them to wall of cavity via ligaments

95
Q

the external auditory meatus forms from

A

dorsal portion of 1st pharyngeal cleft

96
Q

how is the external auditory meatus formed

A

cells at bottom of meatus proliferation, forming a solid epithelial plate and meatal plug

97
Q

how is the eardrum formed

A

the meatal plug dissolves and the epithelium in floor of meatus add to it

98
Q

what happens if meatal plug persists

A

cogenital deafness

99
Q

the external ear develops from

A

6 mesenchymal proliferations at the dorsal end of the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches, surrounding 1st clept

100
Q

the auricle is formed from

A

neural crest

101
Q

what fuses to form the auricle

A

3 hilocks on each side of the meatus

102
Q

are auricle abnormalities common

A

yes, b/c complication

103
Q

travel of ear

A

starts in lower neck, ascends as mandible develops, top of ear should be at eye level

104
Q

absent external ear

A

anotia

105
Q

small ear

A

microtia

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions