pharynx Flashcards
what connects the nasopharynx with the nasal cavities
Choanae
boundries of the nasopharynx
base of the sphenoid bone to the top of the soft palate
boudnries of the oropharynx
base of soft palate to the epiglottis
laryngopharynx boundries
epiglottis to the inferior extent of the cricoid cartilage (base of C6
midline attachment of the pharynx
the pharyngeal tubercle
pharynx relation to the cartilaginous position of the pharyngotympanic tube
inferior to it
the lateral attachment of the pharynx
pterygomandibular raphe and the medial plate of the pterygoid process and the pterygoid hamulus
hyoid bone
oblique line of the thyoroid cartlage
Cricoid cartilage
why not attach the pharynx to the cricothyroid muscle
this would inhibit the function of the muscle
what is right behind the pharynx
the buccopharyngeal fascia
space right behind the pharynx
retropharyngeal space
location of the auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice in relation to inferior concha
tube is behind the inferior concha
location of the torus tubarius in relation to auditory tube
posterior to auditory tube oriface
location of the pharyngeal recess in relation to torus tubarius
posterior to torus tubarius
the groove along the lateral pharyngeal wall
pharyngeal recess
location of pharyngeal tonsil to torus tubarius
postero superior
the mucous membrane covering the salpingopharyngeus muscle
salpingopharyngeal fold
strucutres of the nasopharynx
auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice torus tubarius Pharyngeal recess pharyngeal tonsil Salpingopharyngeal fold
epithelium of nasopharynx
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium) with golbelts
pharyngeal constrictors
superior pharyngeal constrcitor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
cartilage that supports the pharyngeal tympanic tube(just superior and posterior)
torus tubarius
what constricts to open the auditory tube
tensor veli palatini
2nd arch of the orophaynx
palatopharyngeal fold
tongue as part of the oropharynx
posterior part with the lingual tonsil
fold of mucosa at the very base of the tongue, used as a resevor as spit
volecula
strucutres of the oropharynx
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
roll of the palatopharyngeal sphincter
closes around the valve formed by the soft palate to seal the superior extend of the oralpharynx
roll of the laryngopharynx
route air and food into trachea and eosphagus
the opening after the epiglottis to the larynx
the laryngeal inlet
function of the larynx
phonation
regulate size of opening between the vocal folds
breathing (prevent foreign bodies from entering airway
acts as a sphincter
the area lateral to the larynx where the volecular drains
the pyriform fossa
structures of the laryngopharynx
Epiglottis Laryngeal cartilages Piriform recess Internal laryngeal n superior laryngeal vessels recurrent laryngeal n inferior laryngeal vessels
where does the piriofrm recess extend laterally
to the thyroid cartilage
the internal laryngeal n descends beneath what
a mucous membrane
what do thesuperior laryngeal vessels run with
internal laryngeal n
where does the recurrent laryngeal n ascend
beneath mucous membrane
the inferior laryngeal vessels run with
recurent laryngeal n
what pierces the thyrohyoid mebrane
internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal artery
what cranial nerve gives the laryngeal nn
CN X
main job of external laryngeal nerve
innervate cricothryoid
what loops under the subclavian artery
right recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve bceome near the cricothyroid
Inferior laryngeal nerve
superior laryngeal artery branches from
superior thryoid a from the internal carotid a
inferior laryngeal artery branches from
inferior thyroid a from thyrocervical a from teh subclavian a
pharyngeal muscularture superior to inferior
superior, middle, inferior constrictor m
cricopharyngeal m
longitudinal esophageal m
what anchors the pharyngeal constrictor muscles in the middline
pharyngeal tubercle and raphe
pharyngeal elevators
salpingopharyngeus m
palatopharyngeus m
stylopharyngeus m
(all come together inferior)
why need pharyngeal elevators
give more tube for peristollosis (move food down)
what travels with the stylopharyngeus muscle to supply it
CN IX
what does the superior constrictor attach to laterally
medial plate of pterygoid
pterygoid hamulus
pterygomandibular raphe
what does the middle cosntrictor attach to laterall
stylophyoid ligmanet
hyoid bone
what does the inferior constrictor attach to laterally
oblique line
cricoid cartilage
what passes through the superior and middle constrictor m
stylopharyngeus m
gaps in the pharyngeal wall
pharyngeal fascia (superior anchioring)
thyrohyoid membrane
oropharyngeal triangle
how does the hypoglossal nerve get into the oral cavity
the oropharyngeal triangle
what serves the pharyngeal plexus
superior cervical ganglion (sympa nn) CN X (motor to pharyngeal mm) CN IX (motor to stylopharyngeus and sensory to pharynx)
what gives sensation to pharynx
Nasopharynx: V2
Oropharynx: IX
LAryngopharynx: X
pharynx predominantly drains into
internal jugular via the pharyngeal venous plexus
arteries that serve the pharynx
External carotid pharyngeal branch of maxillary arter maxillary artery ascending palatine artery tonsilary brnach of facial facial artery lingual artery ascending pharyngeal artery
loss of motor nn to pharynx leads to
marked dysphagia (difficulty swallowing
loss of sensation n to pharynx leads to
loss of gag reflex
large pharynegal tonsils
adenoids
problems with large adenoids
obstruct air flow
mouth breathing needed
impinge upon torus turbarius and auditory tube orifice
obstructs air exchange between nasopharynx and middle ear
where can accidentally swollowed objects get trapped
in the piriform recess
why caughing and choking if things get caught in the piriform recess
stimulation of interal in recurrent laryngeal nn
sharp objects in piriform recess leads to
pierceing of mucosa causing infection, injuring underlying nn and vessels
