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Anatomy exam 5 > pharynx > Flashcards

pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

what connects the nasopharynx with the nasal cavities

A

Choanae

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2
Q

boundries of the nasopharynx

A

base of the sphenoid bone to the top of the soft palate

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3
Q

boudnries of the oropharynx

A

base of soft palate to the epiglottis

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4
Q

laryngopharynx boundries

A

epiglottis to the inferior extent of the cricoid cartilage (base of C6

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5
Q

midline attachment of the pharynx

A

the pharyngeal tubercle

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6
Q

pharynx relation to the cartilaginous position of the pharyngotympanic tube

A

inferior to it

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7
Q

the lateral attachment of the pharynx

A

pterygomandibular raphe and the medial plate of the pterygoid process and the pterygoid hamulus
hyoid bone
oblique line of the thyoroid cartlage
Cricoid cartilage

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8
Q

why not attach the pharynx to the cricothyroid muscle

A

this would inhibit the function of the muscle

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9
Q

what is right behind the pharynx

A

the buccopharyngeal fascia

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10
Q

space right behind the pharynx

A

retropharyngeal space

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11
Q

location of the auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice in relation to inferior concha

A

tube is behind the inferior concha

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12
Q

location of the torus tubarius in relation to auditory tube

A

posterior to auditory tube oriface

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13
Q

location of the pharyngeal recess in relation to torus tubarius

A

posterior to torus tubarius

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14
Q

the groove along the lateral pharyngeal wall

A

pharyngeal recess

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15
Q

location of pharyngeal tonsil to torus tubarius

A

postero superior

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16
Q

the mucous membrane covering the salpingopharyngeus muscle

A

salpingopharyngeal fold

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17
Q

strucutres of the nasopharynx

A 
auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice
torus tubarius
Pharyngeal recess
pharyngeal tonsil
Salpingopharyngeal fold
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18
Q

epithelium of nasopharynx

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium) with golbelts

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19
Q

pharyngeal constrictors

A

superior pharyngeal constrcitor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor

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20
Q

cartilage that supports the pharyngeal tympanic tube(just superior and posterior)

A

torus tubarius

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21
Q

what constricts to open the auditory tube

A

tensor veli palatini

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22
Q

2nd arch of the orophaynx

A

palatopharyngeal fold

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23
Q

tongue as part of the oropharynx

A

posterior part with the lingual tonsil

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24
Q

fold of mucosa at the very base of the tongue, used as a resevor as spit

A

volecula

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25
Q

strucutres of the oropharynx

A

palatoglossus

palatopharyngeus

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26
Q

roll of the palatopharyngeal sphincter

A

closes around the valve formed by the soft palate to seal the superior extend of the oralpharynx

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27
Q

roll of the laryngopharynx

A

route air and food into trachea and eosphagus

28
Q

the opening after the epiglottis to the larynx

A

the laryngeal inlet

29
Q

function of the larynx

A

phonation
regulate size of opening between the vocal folds
breathing (prevent foreign bodies from entering airway
acts as a sphincter

30
Q

the area lateral to the larynx where the volecular drains

A

the pyriform fossa

31
Q

structures of the laryngopharynx

A 
Epiglottis
Laryngeal cartilages
Piriform recess
Internal laryngeal n
superior laryngeal vessels
recurrent laryngeal n
inferior laryngeal vessels
32
Q

where does the piriofrm recess extend laterally

A

to the thyroid cartilage

33
Q

the internal laryngeal n descends beneath what

A

a mucous membrane

34
Q

what do thesuperior laryngeal vessels run with

A

internal laryngeal n

35
Q

where does the recurrent laryngeal n ascend

A

beneath mucous membrane

36
Q

the inferior laryngeal vessels run with

A

recurent laryngeal n

37
Q

what pierces the thyrohyoid mebrane

A

internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal artery

38
Q

what cranial nerve gives the laryngeal nn

A

CN X

39
Q

main job of external laryngeal nerve

A

innervate cricothryoid

40
Q

what loops under the subclavian artery

A

right recurrent laryngeal nerve

41
Q

what does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve bceome near the cricothyroid

A

Inferior laryngeal nerve

42
Q

superior laryngeal artery branches from

A

superior thryoid a from the internal carotid a

43
Q

inferior laryngeal artery branches from

A

inferior thyroid a from thyrocervical a from teh subclavian a

44
Q

pharyngeal muscularture superior to inferior

A

superior, middle, inferior constrictor m
cricopharyngeal m
longitudinal esophageal m

45
Q

what anchors the pharyngeal constrictor muscles in the middline

A

pharyngeal tubercle and raphe

46
Q

pharyngeal elevators

A

salpingopharyngeus m
palatopharyngeus m
stylopharyngeus m
(all come together inferior)

47
Q

why need pharyngeal elevators

A

give more tube for peristollosis (move food down)

48
Q

what travels with the stylopharyngeus muscle to supply it

A

CN IX

49
Q

what does the superior constrictor attach to laterally

A

medial plate of pterygoid
pterygoid hamulus
pterygomandibular raphe

50
Q

what does the middle cosntrictor attach to laterall

A

stylophyoid ligmanet

hyoid bone

51
Q

what does the inferior constrictor attach to laterally

A

oblique line

cricoid cartilage

52
Q

what passes through the superior and middle constrictor m

A

stylopharyngeus m

53
Q

gaps in the pharyngeal wall

A

pharyngeal fascia (superior anchioring)
thyrohyoid membrane
oropharyngeal triangle

54
Q

how does the hypoglossal nerve get into the oral cavity

A

the oropharyngeal triangle

55
Q

what serves the pharyngeal plexus

A 
superior cervical ganglion (sympa nn)
CN X (motor to pharyngeal mm)
CN IX (motor to stylopharyngeus and sensory to pharynx)
56
Q

what gives sensation to pharynx

A

Nasopharynx: V2
Oropharynx: IX
LAryngopharynx: X

57
Q

pharynx predominantly drains into

A

internal jugular via the pharyngeal venous plexus

58
Q

arteries that serve the pharynx

A 
External carotid
pharyngeal branch of maxillary arter
maxillary artery
ascending palatine artery
tonsilary brnach of facial
facial artery
lingual artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
59
Q

loss of motor nn to pharynx leads to

A

marked dysphagia (difficulty swallowing

60
Q

loss of sensation n to pharynx leads to

A

loss of gag reflex

61
Q

large pharynegal tonsils

A

adenoids

62
Q

problems with large adenoids

A

obstruct air flow
mouth breathing needed
impinge upon torus turbarius and auditory tube orifice
obstructs air exchange between nasopharynx and middle ear

63
Q

where can accidentally swollowed objects get trapped

A

in the piriform recess

64
Q

why caughing and choking if things get caught in the piriform recess

A

stimulation of interal in recurrent laryngeal nn

65
Q

sharp objects in piriform recess leads to

A

pierceing of mucosa causing infection, injuring underlying nn and vessels

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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