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Anatomy exam 5 > Anterior cervical triangle > Flashcards

Anterior cervical triangle Flashcards

1
Q

boundries of the anterior cervical triangle

A

anterior=midline of neck
posterior=sternoclidoidmastoid m
superior=inferior border of mandible

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2
Q

suprahyoid mm

A

stylohyoid m
digastric m
mylohyoid m
geniohyoid m

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3
Q

Infrahyoid mm

A

Omohyoid m
sternohyoid m
thyrohyoid m
sternothyroid m

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4
Q

action of the stylohyoid m

A

pulls hyoid bone upward in posterosuperior direction

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5
Q

innervation of the stylohyoid m

A

facial n (CN VII)

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6
Q

if both supra and infrahyoid contract at the same time

A

mandible is aided in opening

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7
Q

action of the digastric muscle

A

when mandible fixed-raises hyoid

when hyoid bone is fixed-opens mouth by lowering mandible

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8
Q

Innervation of the digastric muscle

A

ant belly- mandibular division of trigeminal (V3)

post belly- facial n (CN VII)

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9
Q

where CN VII comes out to innervate post bell of digastric and stylohyoid mm

A

between the two of them

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10
Q

Action of the mylohyoid m

A

support and elevate floor of mouth, elevate hyoid

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11
Q

Innvervation of the mylohyoid muscle

A

mandibular division of trigeminal (V3)

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12
Q

where the mylohyoid branch of v3 comes off

A

right before Inferior alveolar nerve enters the canal

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13
Q

action of geniohyoid muscle

A

mandible fixed- elevates & pulls hyoid forward

Hyoid fixed- pulls mandible down and inward

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14
Q

Innervation of the geniohyoid muscle

A

branch from anterior ramus of C1 carried via hypogglossal n (CN XII)

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15
Q

action of the sternohyoid muscle

A

depress hyoid after swallowing

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16
Q

innervation of the sternohyoid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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17
Q

motor components of the cervical plexus

A

ansa cervicalis

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18
Q

action of the omohyoid muscle

A

Dresses and fixes hyoid bone

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19
Q

Innervation of the omohyoid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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20
Q

action of the thyrohyoid muscle

A

depresses hyoid bone

when hyoid fixed, raises larynx

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21
Q

innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle

A

fibers from anterior ramus of C1 carried via the hypoglossal n(CN XII) (nerve to thyrohyoid m

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22
Q

why raise the larynx

A

get it out of the way for swallowing

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23
Q

action of the sternothyroid muscle

A

draws larynx (thyroid cartilage) downward

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24
Q

Innervation of the sternothyroid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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25
Q

Veins of the neck

A 
Facial V, 
Retromandibular V
Anterior jugular V
Communicating branch V
Internal jugular V
external jugular V
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26
Q

whar two veins join to form the internal jugular

A

Facial vein and retromandibular vein

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27
Q

retromandibular joins with

A

Facial vein (anterior) and posterior auricular (posterior)

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28
Q

what forms the external jugular vein

A

Retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein

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29
Q

flow of venous drainage

A

ipsilateral

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30
Q

the communicating branch is between

A

the common facial and anterior jugular

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31
Q

separates internal and external jugular veins

A

Sternocleidomastoid m and superior belly of omohyoid

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32
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary V

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33
Q

what does the anterior division of the retromandibular vein drain to

A

joins with the facial v to form the common facial, ultimately draining to the internal jugular vein

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34
Q

what does the posterior division of the retromandibular vein drain to

A

joins with the posterior auricular v to form the external jugular vein

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35
Q

where the common carotid bifurcates to internal and eternal carotid

A

at C3-C4 level

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36
Q

Neck branches of the external carotid

A 
Anterior: Superior thyoid A
Lingual A
Facial A
Posterior: Ascending pharyngeal A
Occipitial A
Posterior auricular A
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37
Q

What does the external carotid A terminate as

A

superficial temporal A

Maxillary A

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38
Q

The first Anterior brnach of the external carotid A

A

superior thyroid Artery

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39
Q

Where does the superior thyroid atery arise from the external carotid

A

from anterior surface near bifurcation

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40
Q

the superior thyroid artery gives off

A

the superior laryngeal A

41
Q

What does the superior thyroid artery supply

A

superior portion of thyroid gland

42
Q

what artery pierces the thyrohyoid membrane

A

superior laryngeal a

43
Q

the second branch of the external carotid A

A

Lingual Arteryjus

44
Q

Where does the Lingular Artery arise

A

just above the superior thyroid a at the level of greater horn of the hyoid bone

45
Q

where does the Lingular artery go to

A

passes deep into the muscle of the tongue

46
Q

3rd branch of the external carotid a

A

Facial A

47
Q

where does the facial artery arise

A

superior to the lingual A

48
Q

What does the facial artery supply

A

crosses the inferior border of the mandible to supply the face

49
Q

1st posterior branch of the external carotid a

A

Ascending pharyngeal A

50
Q

Where does the Ascending pharyngeal Artery arise

A

close to bifurcation of the common carotid A

51
Q

What does the ascending pharyngeal Artery

A

ascends to supply pharynx & tonsils

52
Q

2nd posterior branch of the external carotid A

A

Occipital artery

53
Q

where does the occipital artery branch off the external carotid A

A

Near the level of origin of the facial A

54
Q

travel of the occipital A

A

passes deep to posterior belly of digastric M to ascend to supply to supply neck & Scalp

55
Q

branches of occipital artery

A

muscular branch for sternocleidomastoid muscle (hooks over CN XII)

56
Q

3rd posterior branch of the external carotid A

A

posterior auricular artery

57
Q

where does the posterior auricular artery arise

A

superior to origin of the occipital a and posterior bell of the digastric muscle

58
Q

travel of the posterior auricular artery

A

passes upward and posterior to supply scalp posterior to ear

59
Q

spinal nerves of the anterior cervical triangle

A 
Transverse cervical (C2-C3)
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
60
Q

travel of the transverse cervical nerve (C2-C3)

A

runs transversely across middle of sternoclavomastoid m

61
Q

transverse cervical nerve (C2-C3) supplies

A

skin of anterior cervical triangle & lateral neck

62
Q

Nerve loop formed from anterior rami of cerical nerves C1-C3

A

ansa cervicalis

63
Q

the ansa cervicalis innervates

A

infrahyoid mm

64
Q

what is the superior root of the ansa cervicalis made of

A

C1 fibers from anterior rami

65
Q

what is the inferior root of the ansa cervicalis made of

A

anterior rami of C2 & C3

66
Q

devisions of the anterior cervical triangle

A

submental triangle
submandibular triangle
musclular triangle
carotid triangle

67
Q

boarders of the submental triangle

A

inferior=hyoid
lateral(right)= anterior belly of digastric
lateral (left)= anterior belly of digastric

68
Q

contents of the submental triangle

A

mylohyoid m
submental lymph nodes
small veins

69
Q

boarders of the submandibular triangle (digastric)

A 
superior= inferior border of mandible
anterior/inferior= anterior belly of digastric m
posterior/inferior= post belly of digastric m
70
Q

contents of the submandibular (digastric) triangle

A 
submandibular gland
submandibular lymph nodes
marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
hypoglossal N (CN XII)
mylophyoid N (CN V3)
Facial A and V
71
Q

Borders of the muscular triangle

A

superior= hyoid bone
lateral=superior belly of omohyoid m & anterior border of Sternoclavomastoid m
medial= midline of neck

72
Q

muscular contents of the muscular triangle

A

omohyoid m
sternohyoid m
sternthyroid m
thyrohyoid m

73
Q

Viscera contents of the Muscular Triangle

A 
Thyoid gland
parathyroid glands
Trachea
Esophagus
Common Carotid A
Internal Jugular V
74
Q

borders of Carotid Triangle

A 
Superior = stylohyoid m And posterior belly of digastric m
Posterior = anterior border of Sternoclavicomastoid m
Anteroinferior= superior belly of omohyoid m
75
Q

nerve contents of carotid triangle

A 
accessory (CN XI)
Vagus (CN X)
Hypoglassal (CN XII)
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
Laryngeal nn (CN X branches)
76
Q

Arteries of the carotid triangle

A

Common, internal & external carotid aa, 6 branches of external carotid A (3 anteriro and 3 posterior)

77
Q

veins of the carotid triangle

A

all branches have accompanying vv drainage into the internal jugular vein

78
Q

what is covered by the carotid sheath

A 
Carotid A 
Common carotid A
Internal Carotid A
Carotid sinus
Internal Jugular V
Vagus N (CN X)
79
Q

dilation of internal carotid A near bifurcation of common carotid A; contains receptors that monitor blood pressure changes (baroreceptors

A

Carotid sinus

80
Q

1st branch off the subclavian a

A

vertebral A

81
Q

branches off the subclavian a

A

Vertebral A

Thyrocervical trunk

82
Q

Arteries off the thyrocervical trunk important for the root of the neck

A

Inferior thyroid A
Ascending cervical A
Transverse cervical A

83
Q

right lymphatic drainage includes

A

R head
R neck
R thorax
R uper extremity

84
Q

what does the R lymphatic drainage drain to

A

Right lymphatic Duct at the R venous angle

85
Q

where is the venous angle

A

where the subclavian joins with the internal jugular

86
Q

Left lymphatic drainage

A

Thoracic duct

87
Q

where the thoracic duct is found

A

at the left venous angle

88
Q

what does the thoracic duct drain

A 
both lower extremities
plevis
abdomen
left thorax
left upper extremity
Left head
Left neck
89
Q

nerves at the root of the neck

A

Phrenic n(C3-C5)
Vagus n (CN X)
recurrent laryngeal n
Sympathetics

90
Q

what sympathetic ganglia are found in the cervical region

A

Superior Ganglion
Middle Ganglion
Inferior Cervical Ganglion

91
Q

The inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion combine to form

A

the Cervicothoracic( stellate ) ganglion

92
Q

structures in the visceral compartment of the neck

A

Thyroid & Parathyoid glands (anterior_
Larynx and trachea
Pharynx & esophagus (Posterior)

93
Q

parts of the thyroid gland

A

R and L lobe with an isthmus connecting the two lobes

94
Q

why a pyramidal lobe of thyoid gland may be left

A

due to the embryological origin of the thyroid gland

95
Q

Arteries of thyroid and parathyroid gland

A

Superior thyroid a
inferior thyoid a
(anastomose inferiro/superior and across midline)

96
Q

Veins of the thyroid and parathyoid gland

A

Superior thyroid
Middle thyroid
Inferior Thyoid

97
Q

superior and middle thyroid vein drain into

A

the internal jugular

98
Q

the infrior thyroid vein drains into

A

bracchiocephalic directly

99
Q

where do prevertebral muscles lie

A

directly posterior to retropharyngeal space

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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