The Nucleus Flashcards
Know the structure of the nucleus, pore complex and chromosome
What are the functions of the nucleus
organise, protect and regulate the genome
Describe the evolution of the nucleus
Invagination of membrane around DNA and ribosomes lead to formation of primitive nucleus
True or False - DNA and ribosomes are membrane bound
TRUE
What are the two types of chromatin?
Heterochromatin and euchromatin
Which type of chromatin codes for actively transcribed genes
Euchromatin
Which type of chromatin stains densely
Heterochromatin
How does the nucleus maintain communication with the cytosol
pore complexes
Describe the structure of the nuclear envelope
flattened sac, formed from two membranes, the outer membrane is continuous with the ER, structural proteins line the membrane
What are the functions of the nuclear envelope?
tether chromatin, regulate signalling
Describe the nucleoplasm
viscous liquid that suspends nuclear components and is enclosed by the nuclear membrane
What binds to the nuclear matrix/lamina
transcription factors, chromatin associated proteins and nuclear envelope proteins
What is the function of the nuclear matrix/lamina
regulation of genetic activity
What is the structure of the nuclear matrix/lamina?
layer of filaments lying close to the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope
What mutation is Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome caused by
Mutations in LMNA gene - prevents cleavage of prolamin A/C
Describe the nucleolus
No membrane bound, separate organelle and a collection of macromolecules
