Genomes

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE - ALL somatic cells contain the same genome

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

What do transcriptomes code for?

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

What do proteosomes code for?

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

Describe the genome of E.Coli?

Answer 4

single circular chromosomal DNA molecule contains the genome

Question 5

How is the genome of E.Coli replicated?

Answer 5

Bi-directional

Question 6

Where are house keeping genes expressed?

Answer 6

ALL cell types

Question 7

What cells are diploid in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

ALL cells except germ cells

Question 8

What is the centromere?

Answer 8

specialised repetitive DNA sequences

Question 9

What is the centromere attached to?

Answer 9

kinetochore

Question 10

What is the replication origin?

Answer 10

DNA sequence where DNA replication is initiated

Question 11

What is the telomere?

Answer 11

Specialised DNA sequences at the end of linear chromosomes

Question 12

What is the function of the telomere?

Answer 12

Maintain chromosomal integrity

Question 13

Which enzyme maintains the telomere?

Answer 13

Enzyme telomerase

Question 14

Describe the correlation between organism and genomes

Answer 14

As organism complexity increases, genome size increases

Question 15

Describe the correlation between gene density and organism complexity

Answer 15

As organism complexity increases, gene density declines

Question 16

What do larger genes contain more of?

Answer 16

Repetitive DNA elements like transposons and retrotransposons

Question 17

Describe the characteristics of larger genomes

Answer 17

Contain more complex transcriptional control elements distributed over larger regions of DNA E.G. promoters & enhancers

Question 18

what contains the protein-coding sequences in eukaryotic genes?

Answer 18

Exons

Question 19

What are retrotransposons?

Answer 19

genetic elements that amplify themselves in the genome