Nervous Tissue Flashcards
What is the neuron
functional part fo the nervous system
What are the channels in neuron membranes
transmembrane pore
How are voltage gated channels opened
changes in voltage across the membrane
What channel moves ions against their concentration gradient
specialised sodium/potassium pump
How are ligand gated membrane channels opened?
attachment of signalling molecules - conformational change
Which channel is slower to open
ligand gated
What are neuroglia
supportive cells
What is the function of neuroglia
supply nutrients to neurons, maintenance
Where are neuroglia found
PNS and CNS
What are astrocytes
nutritional cells in CNS
What is the function of astrocytes
take away metabolic by products
What is the function of myelin
maintain high voltage
What are microglia
phagocytic cells
What is the function of microglia
engulf, destroy harmful material
What is the effect of large diameter on action potential
larger diameter = faster action potential
What is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter
glutamate
What is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter
GABA
What neurotransmitter do microglia cells destroy
neuropeptides
What breaks down ACh
acetylcholinesterase
What neurotransmitters are transported back into the pre-synaptic terminal
serotonin and noradrenaline
What is the pre-ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system
ACh
What is the post-ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system
noradrenaline
Where in the body are the pre and post synaptic neurotransmitters both ACh
sweat glands
Are sweat glands innervated by sympathetic or parasympathetic system
sympathetic
What is Prozac
selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor
What are nuclei
groups of cell bodies in CNS
What are ganglia
groups of cell bodies in PNS
What are tracts
groups of axons in the CNS
What is epineurium
binds axons together by connective tissue, in PNS