Cell Junctions

Question 1

What does the adherens junction connect

Answer 1

actin filament bundles between cells

Question 2

Name two examples of adherens junctions

Answer 2

epithelial, neural cadherins

Question 3

What are adherens junctions dependant on

Answer 3

calcium

Question 4

what are cadherins

Answer 4

type 1 transmembrane proteins

Question 5

What is integrin dependent on

Answer 5

calcium and magnesium

Question 6

What do adherens junctions link to

Answer 6

actin cytoskeleton

Question 7

What are the similarities between focal adhesion and adherens junctions

Answer 7

linked to actin cytoskeleton, transmembrane proteins

Question 8

What do the transmembrane proteins bind to in adherens junction and focal adhesion

Answer 8

extracellular ligand

Question 9

What is present in both focal adhesion and adherens junctions

Answer 9

vinculin

Question 10

What is vinculin

Answer 10

conserved cytoskeletal protein

Question 11

What proteins are predominant in focal adhesion

Answer 11

talin and filamin

Question 12

What is the process of the adhesion belt - morphogenesis

Answer 12

cadherin to catenin to actin to myosin

Question 13

What drives contraction of the adhesion belt

Answer 13

different cadherins

Question 14

What is the function of E-cadherin in the adhesion belt

Answer 14

links rest of cell layer

Question 15

Where is N-cadherin located?

Answer 15

top edge of cell

Question 16

What do desmosomes form

Answer 16

cell-cell junctions linked to intermediate filaments

Question 17

Where are desmosomes found

Answer 17

heart muscle, epidermis

Question 18

What do hemidesmosomes attach to

Answer 18

cells to basal lamina

Question 19

What do hemidesmosomes involve

Answer 19

integrins and intermediate filaments

Question 20

What is pemphigus

Answer 20

autoimmune disease

Question 21

What are the symptoms of pemphigus

Answer 21

skin blistering

Question 22

Where are tight junctions located

Answer 22

top of the cell

Question 23

What do tight junctions form

Answer 23

barrier between lumen of vessel

Question 24

What are the roles of tight junctions

Answer 24

barrier in gut epithelia, paracellular transport

Question 25

Describe the tight junction

Answer 25

semi permeable

Question 26

What do zonula occluden proteins bind to

Answer 26

claudin, occludin, and actin

Question 27

What can tight junctions help form

Answer 27

membrane compartments

Question 28

What do tight junctions allow

Answer 28

segregation

Question 29

What is on the apical membrane of membrane compartments

Answer 29

glycolipids, cholesterol

Question 30

What do membrane compartments allow to be maintained

Answer 30

polarity

Question 31

What is on the basolateral membrane compartment

Answer 31

phoshatidylcholine

Question 32

Where are gap junctions present

Answer 32

connective tissue, epithelia, neurons, heart muscle

Question 33

Describe gap junctions

Answer 33

range of sizes, close proximity, wide distribution

Question 34

What forms 1 connexon

Answer 34

6 connexins

Question 35

How is membrane potential regulated

Answer 35

pH, Ca2+ and cell signals

Question 36

What are selectins

Answer 36

molecules on cell surface that bind to sugars

Question 37

What is the effect of damage to selectins

Answer 37

effects properties of endothelial cells

Question 38

What is the function of selectins

Answer 38

attach to sugar molecules on leukocytes

Question 39

What is the effect of selectins binding to leukocytes

Answer 39

forms strong junctions - help with damage

Question 40

What are cadherins dependent on

Answer 40

calcium ions