Chromosome & Organelle movement

Question 1

What molecular motors move along microtubules?

Answer 1

Dyneins & kinesins

Question 2

How do molecular motors move along tracts

Answer 2

hydrolyse ATP

Question 3

What governs directionality of movement

Answer 3

polarity of microtubule

Question 4

Where is the plus end of microtubules located

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

Describe Dynein

Answer 5

minus end directed motor

Question 6

Dyneins undergo what type of transport

Answer 6

retrograde

Question 7

What is retrograde transport

Answer 7

walk towards the centre of the cell

Question 8

Describe Kinesin

Answer 8

plus end directed motor

Question 9

Kinesins undergo what type of transport

Answer 9

anterograde

Question 10

What is anterograde transport

Answer 10

walk out towards plus end

Question 11

What type/s of transport do mitochondria undergo

Answer 11

anterograde and retrograde

Question 12

Where are kinesins located

Answer 12

ONLY in cytoplasm

Question 13

Where does the motor activity of kinesin reside

Answer 13

head domain at amino terminus

Question 14

What is the function of multimeric kinesins

Answer 14

hold and pull microtubules together

Question 15

Which kinesin is monomeric

Answer 15

kinesin 3

Question 16

Describe kinesin 5

Answer 16

motor domains at both ends

Question 17

What is the function of kinesin 5

Answer 17

binds and pulls microtubules

Question 18

Which type of molecular motor is more diverse

Answer 18

Kinesins

Question 19

What do dyneins require to interact with cargo?

Answer 19

adaptor proteins

Question 20

Name some types of dyneins

Answer 20

cytoplasmic, cilliary

Question 21

How do dyneins bind to their cargo

Answer 21

indirectly via proteins called the dynactin complex

Question 22

What is the function of intermediate filaments in the cell cycle

Answer 22

control nuclear membrane architecture

Question 23

What is the function of microtubules in the cell cycle

Answer 23

chromosome separation

Question 24

What is the function of actin in the cell cycle

Answer 24

cytokinesis

Question 25

When is the nuclear lamina disassembled

Answer 25

pro metaphase

Question 26

What is the nuclear lamina made of

Answer 26

intermediate filament cage

Question 27

What does phosphorylation of the nuclear lamina cause

Answer 27

disassembly & association with ER vesicles

Question 28

What do kinetochore microtubules bind to

Answer 28

chromosome directly

Question 29

What generates spindle poles

Answer 29

division of the centrosome

Question 30

What is the function of astral microtubules

Answer 30

anchor spindle poles to opposite ends of cell

Question 31

What is the function of polar microtubules

Answer 31

cross from one side of the spindle to another

Question 32

What is the function of kinetochore microtubules

Answer 32

pull chromosomes to poles

Question 33

How do kinetochore microtubules pull chromosomes

Answer 33

exert force on chromosome

Question 34

What do kinetochore microtubules aid

Answer 34

chromosome alignment on metaphase plate

Question 35

Describe the kinetochore microtubule movement in anaphase A

Answer 35

shorten

Question 36

Describe the microtubules movement in anaphase B

Answer 36

lengthen and sliding of POLAR microtubules

Question 37

Describe cytokinesis

Answer 37

separation of daughter cells

Question 38

How are cells separated in cytokinesis

Answer 38

actin/myosin interaction causes pinch off in middle of cell