The Nervous System

Question 0

What are the 3 steps of communication by neurons?

Answer 0

Input, integration, output

Question 1

What is a neuron?

Answer 1

Sends and receives messages set by an electric impulse, communication in the body to move

Question 2

What is the CNS?

Answer 2

Controls spinal cord and brain, integration

Question 3

What is the PNS?

Answer 3

Neurons that carry input in and out of the CNS

Question 4

Refractory period

Answer 4

When Na pumps are closed

Question 5

Resting potential

Answer 5

Neurons have energy but are waiting for electrical impulse, some K channels are open, lots of Na channels are closed

Question 6

Types of neurotransmitters

Answer 6

Acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, GAVA, glutamata, endorphins

Question 7

Serotonin and dopamine

Answer 7

When not enough, cause depression because not enough of them coming across synapse

Question 8

Anti-depressants

Answer 8

Prevent neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed or eaten by enzymes

Question 9

Why is dopamine used as a drug?

Answer 9

Too much of it can make a person high or overly happy by inhibiting channels and enzymes

Question 10

2 types of PNS

Answer 10

Autonomic NS (involuntary) and motor NS(voluntary)

Question 11

2 types of autonomic NS

Answer 11

Sympathetic (body at rest, normal heart rate) and parasympathetic (increasing heart rate and breathing, being scared)

Question 12

How do we learn/think?

Answer 12

Learning- grew a synapse
Thinking- connecting synapses by neurotransmitters
Memory- connecting old synapse

Question 13

Where is myelin made?

Answer 13

PNS- Schwann cells

CNS- oligodendrocyte

Question 14

Why can’t messages go faster in people with multiple sclerosis?

Answer 14

Autoimmune disease attacks myelin sheaths so message can’t go fast

Question 15

Brain

Answer 15

Receives signals from PNS, interprets them, sends output signals

Question 16

Gray and white matter

Answer 16

White- neurons that have myelin

Gray- opposite

Question 17

Spinal cord

Answer 17

Reflexes, damage can be done so that ur paralyzed because motor neurons are here from the brain

Question 18

Cerebralspinal fluid

Answer 18

Cushioning, storing nutrition, insulating, removing waste, has hormones

Question 19

Midbrain

Answer 19

Part of brain stem, involuntary actions

Question 20

Thalamus

Answer 20

Main input center for sensory info going to the cerebral correx

Question 21

Hypothalamus

Answer 21

Regulating hormones/homeostasis

Question 22

Cerebral cortex

Answer 22

Processing and thinking, connecting synapses

Question 23

Cerebellum

Answer 23

Hand/eye coordination, movement and balance, appetite, motivation, sleeping

Question 24

Amygdala and Hippocampus

Answer 24

Emotions

Question 25

Brainstem

Answer 25

Involuntary movements, homeostasis, contains medulla which controls breathing by pH levels