Specific Animal Phylas Flashcards
phylum porifera
“pore bearers” - sponges (porous)
phylum porifera: specifics
sessile, asymmetrical, living pumps, lack tissues and organs, glass/calcium carbonate spicules for support
phylum porifera: functions
know functions of choanocytes and amoebocytes
phylum cnideria
“stinging nettle” - jellyfish, anemone, coral
cnideria specifics
diploblastic (have mesoglea - jelly instead), radial symmetry, medusa (looks like jellyfish) and polyp (looks like anemone) stages to life cycle
cnideria functions
- tentacles have stinging cells called cnidocytes containing harpoons (nematocyst), used to capture prey and bring it into mouth - gastrovascular cavity (food and waste use same opening)
- respiration, circulation, and excretion by diffusion
phylum platyhelminthes
“flat worm” - flatworms and tapeworms
platyhelminthes specifics
triploblastic, acoelomates, cephalization (eye spots and auricles (ears), no digestive tract (food and waster same opening)
types of platyhelminthes
- free living- ex. planaria (pharynx, flame cells for excretion, regeneration of body)
- parasitic- ex. tapeworms (pork and beef), attach to intestine wall with hooks and suckers and absorb food (thick tegument - no sensory organs, just eat and reproduce)
phylum rotifera
“wheel bearers” - spinning wheel shaped mouth parts to capture prey
rotifera specifics
-tiny, aquatic, transparent, look like protozoans, all female, asexual repro by parthenogenesis
phyum nematoda
“thread form”, roundworms, pinworms, hookworms
nematoda specifics
triploblastic, pseudocoelomate (tube within tube), have mouth and anus, free living in soil and water, mostly parasitic (tough cuticle to resist digestion by host), complete digestive tract, no circulatory or respiratory
phylum annelida
little rings, segmented worms- earthworms, marine worms, leeches
annelida functions
- excretion with metanephridia (~kidney)
- hermaphrodites (use clitellum to transger sperm)
- digestive: mouth, pharynx, esophogus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus
- ganglia (cluster of nerves in head, brainlike) with ventral nerve cord
- closed circulatory system (5 heart = aortic arches), dorsal and ventral blood vessel
phylum mollusca
thin shell, soft bodied in hard shell, snails, oysters, octopi
mollusca specifics
- 2nd largest phyla, aquatic (but some snails and slugs are found on land), food source for humans
- open circulatory system, excretion with nephridia
types of mollusca
- gastropoda- (stomach foot), snails, muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle (secretes shell - calcium carbonate)
- bivalvia- 2 shells, clams, mussels, most sessile, sea floor, filter feeders (plankton)
- cephalopoda- (head foot), octopi and squid, smart brain and NS, predators, mouth = sharp beak, move by jet propulsion, prey sucked in by cups on tentacles
phylum arthropoda
jointed foot
arthropoda specifics
largest phyla, exoskeletons (chitin) (also molted), segmented bodies and appendages, open circulatory system with dorsal heart and ventral nerve cords
types of arthropoda
- Insects- 3 segments (head, thorax, abdomen), 6 legs, trachea and spiracles for respiration (undergo metamorphosis - egg, larva, adult)
- crustaceans- segments (cephalothorax and abdomen), 10 legs, gills for respiration
- spiders- same segments, 8 legs, chelicerae (piercing mouthparts), lungs for respiration
phylum echinodermata
spiny skin, (starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers)
echinodermata specifics
- larvae- bilateral symmetry and adults- radial symmetry
- thin skin covered by exoskeleton
- water vascular system (network of canals that branch into tube feet - used for moving, feeding, and gas exchange)
deuterostomia and coelomate
echinodermata
bilateria, protostomes, and coelomates
annelida, mollusca, anthropoda
bilateria and protostomes
platyhelminthes, rotifera, nematoda
eumetazoans
cnideria
