The Lymphatic System and Spread of Dental Infection Final Exam

Question 1

2 Components to the Circulatory System they are related

Answer 1

• Cardiovascular system

- Lymphatic system

Question 2

Anatomically blood vessels and lymphatics lie in close ___

Answer 2

proximity

Question 3

Lymphatic vessels ___ and ___ than capillaries

Answer 3

Larger

Thicker

Question 4

Constant ____ of fluid between the 2 systems

Answer 4

recirculation

Question 5

Lymphatic also plays a key role in the ___ _____

Answer 5

immune system

Question 6

The lymphatic system has similar ___ as veins

Answer 6

valves

Question 7

Does the tooth have the lymphatic system or cardiovascular system or both

Answer 7

BOTH

Question 8

clear watery fluid that drains from the surrounding tissues

and into the lymphatic system

Answer 8

Lymph

Question 9

WBC, actively remove toxins

Answer 9

Lymphocytes

Question 10

channels that drain tissue and empty into larger

DUCTS and carries back to the venous system

Answer 10

Lymphatic vessels

Question 11

small bean shaped nodules located along the path of

the lymphatic system, filter toxins from the vascular system

Answer 11

Lymph nodes

Question 12

mass of lymph tissue in the oral cavity and pharynx

area

Answer 12

Tonsillar tissue

Question 13

mass of lymph tissue in the oral cavity and pharynx
area
-Palatine-between faucial pillars -Lingual-base of tongue
-Pharygeal-posterior wall of nasopharynx (adenoids)

Answer 13

Tonsillar tissue

Question 14

Lymphatic Drainage

Answer 14

-Excess blood plasma is forced out of the
vascular capillaries and into the tissue
- It then enters the lymphatic vessels and is
called lymph
- Lymphatic vessels unite to travel through a
series of nodes
- Then into main collecting ducts that are not
bilateral on right and left

Question 15

Clinical Significance of Lymphatic Tissue:

What are 2 Roles in maintaining health?

Answer 15

1. Stores lymphocytes (WBC) that remove toxic products

2. Filtration system to prevent toxins or pathogens from entering the blood

Question 16

a change in the size and consistency of lymph nodes as

a result of a disease process ex. Cancer or infection

Answer 16

Lymphadenopathy

Question 17

l Firm to hard l Swollen l Possibly tender (from the pressure on area nerve) l Sometimes fixed

These are characteristics of a healthy or unhealthy palpation of lymph nodes

Answer 17

unhealthy

Question 18

The 2 groups of Nodes

Answer 18

• Primary Lymph Nodes (Regional or Master)-thymus and bone marrow
• Secondary Lymph Nodes (central)

Question 19

Primary Lymph Nodes directly ___ lymph from a particular region or organ

Answer 19

drains

Question 20

Nodes that collect lymph from the regional or primary nodes.

Answer 20

Secondary Lymph Nodes

Question 21

What happens when the disease agent

reaches the venous system?

Answer 21

Goes to heart and ….

Question 22

Primary Lymph Nodes directly ___ lymph from a particular region or organ

Answer 22

drains

Question 23

Nodes that collect lymph from the regional or primary nodes.

Answer 23

Secondary Lymph Nodes

Question 24

What happens when the disease agent

reaches the venous system?

Answer 24

Goes to heart and ….

Question 25

infection with suppuration (pus)
resulting from the entrapment of
pathogens in a contained space

Answer 25

Abscess

Question 26

Diffuse inflammation of soft

tissue spaces

Answer 26

Cellulitis

Question 27

inflammation of the bone

marrow

Answer 27

Osteomyelitis

Question 28

pericoronal abscess caused

by an erupting 3rd molar

Answer 28

Periocoronitis

Question 29

Abscess will take the path of least or most resistance: forms a ___??

Answer 29

least

fistula

Question 30

Fistula is opening it is called a

Answer 30

Stoma

Question 31

§ The spread of infection through fascial spaces can result
in the formation of cellulitis § Symptoms: severe pain, redness, swelling, diffuse
edema, sever inflammation that is firm, may form an
abscess

Answer 31

Cellulitis

Question 32

l Inflammation of the bone marrow l Can be localized to any bone or generalized l Invasion of long bone by pathogens l Jaw bone osteomyelitis
¡Pathogens from a PA abscess
¡Extension of cellulitis
¡Contaminated surgical site l Most common in mandible (thick cortical plate
reduces vascularity)
¡Paresthesia of IA nerve may occur

Answer 32

Osteomyelitis

Question 33

Is osteomyelitis rare or common? What is used to treat

Answer 33

Rare due to antibiotics and readily avialable dental care

Question 34

l If infection cannot drain through a fistula, it
will spread into various tissue spaces
within the body l These spaces are referred to as ____ ____because they are sometimes
located between layers of fascia of the
body (___ ____in healthy people are
filled with loose CT)

Answer 34

fascial

spaces

Question 35

What is Fascia

Answer 35

l Layer of fibrous connective tissue that
envelopes the body under the skin and
surrounds:
¡Muscles ¡Bones ¡Nerves ¡Vessels ¡Organs

Question 36

Pterygomandibular spcce is located ___ to the ramus of the ___

Answer 36

deep

mandible

Question 37

Located in the
cheeks between the
buccinator and
masseter muscles

Answer 37

Buccal Space

Question 38

l Located in the canine
fossa l Also called: Infraorbital
Space

Answer 38

Canine Space

Question 39

Located under the chin is the ____ space

Answer 39

submental

Question 40

Located in the FOM above the mylohyoid muscle

Answer 40

Sublingual space

Question 41

Located in the floor of the mouth under the

mylohyoid muscle

Answer 41

Submandibular space

Question 42

Ludwig’s Angina

Answer 42

l Cellulitis of the Submandibular space (most often
resulting from dental infections of the 3rd molars or
pericoronitis) l Infection will involve the submandbular space bilaterally,
with the risk of spreading to the retropharyngeal space of
the neck l Massive swelling extending down the neck l As the retropharyngeal space or “danger space”
becomes involved, edema of larynx may cause complete
respiratory obstruction

Question 43

Ludwig’s Angina Infection will involve the submandbular space _____

Answer 43

bilaterally

Question 44

l Infection of the _________l Spread of dental infection due to abscess,
or needle track contamination l Signs and symptoms: fever, drowsiness,
rapid pulse, impairment of CN VI – double
vision, may lead to fatal meningitis!!!

Answer 44

cavernous venous sinus