Oral Mucosa Flashcards

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1
Q

Identify time of development for salivary glands

A

Parotid Gland: 6th week
Submandibular Gland: 16th week
Sublingual Gland: 18th week

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2
Q

Name three types of oral mucosa and their location, function and histology in the oral cavity

A

Lining Mucosa
Masticatory Mucosa
Specialized Mucosa

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3
Q

Keratin

A

intermediate protein filament that is found in calloused epithelial tissues and consists of an opaque waterproof substance

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4
Q

Nonkeratinized

A

most common epithelial tissue type in oral cavity (lining mucosa); ability to produce keratin after trauma (cheek bite, linea alba);

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5
Q

Keratinized

A

either orthokeratinized or parakeratinized); found on hard palate, attached gingiva, dorsal surface of tongue

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6
Q

Orthokeratinized

A

surface cells do not have nuclei like a donut with no cells

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7
Q

Parakeratinized

A

surface cells have nuclei

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8
Q

What are the types of papillae on tongue?

A

Filiform
Fungiform
Foliate
Circumvallate

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9
Q

Describe the functions and components of saliva in the oral cavity

A
Functions:
Lubricates
Cleanses
Digestion (salivary amylase -> starch breakdown) 
Buffers acid 
Remineralization of enamel
Pellicle formation-> plaque 
Supplies minerals for calculus formation
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10
Q

Differentiate between types of saliva

A

Salivary contents/type vary depending on gland and type of secretory cell present

  • Serous: produces watery saliva
  • Mucous: produces thick/ropy saliva (mucous)
  • Mucoserous: mixed production
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11
Q

Compare and contrast major versus minor salivary glands in regards to production, location, pathology, and duct associated with each

A
  • Parotid- Mostly Serous-Largest encapsulated- located opposite maxillary second molar on buccal mucoas- stensons duct
  • Sublingual - mixed mostly mucous-opens at same area as submandibular-smallest no capsule- Bartholin’s duct
  • Submandibular-mixed/mostly serous-Intermediate size, encapsulated-opens near lingual frenum on FOM-sublingual carruncle-Wharton’s duct
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12
Q

Describe reasons for xerostomia, the oral ramifications, and treatment options.

A

Dry Mouth
CAUSES:
-Medications
-Radiation therapy for head and neck cancers
-Immunologic disease particularly Sjogren’s syndrome

ORAL RAMIFICATIONS:
Sore or burning sensation of the mouth
Dry, itchy eyes
Need to suck on candies
Need to sip water throughout the day and night
Difficulty speaking for more than 10 mins without drinking water
Difficulty swallowing food at mealtime and need to often drink water to swallow food

Treatment:

  • Patient will need more meticulous home care approach and more frequent dental visits
  • Increase flossing
  • electric toothbrush
  • custom fluoride trays or gel prevident
  • chlorhexidine rinse
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13
Q

Thyroid Gland

A
  • Largest endocrine gland, located on the anterior of the neck inferior to the thyroid cartilage
  • In healthy patients the thyroid is mobile and moves superiorly when swallowing, not visible but able to palpate
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14
Q

4-8 endocrine glands that sit on top of or even in the thyroid, not visible or able to palpate, may be part of the pathology

A

Parathyroid Gland

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15
Q

Paired exocrine glands that secrete lacrimal fluid (tears)
Lubricate eyes
8-12 tubules that excrete lacrimal fluid
Tears drain inferiorly into the nasolacrimal sac just behind the medial canthus nasolacrimal duct
Finally drains into the inferior nasal meatus (why your nose runs when you cry)

A

Lacrimal Glands

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16
Q

functions of oral mucosa

A

Mechanical Barrier
Bacterial Barrier
Taste
Healing (7-21 days)

17
Q

Lining mucosa location & histology

A

LOCATION: buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, alveolar mucosa, floor of mouth (FOM), ventral tongue surface, soft palate

HISTOLOGY: nonkeratinzed stratified squamous epithelium

18
Q

Masticatory mucosa location & histology

A

LOCATION: attached gingiva, hard palate, and dorsal tongue surface
HISTOLOGY: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

19
Q

Specialized mucosa location and histology

A

LOCATION: dorsal surface of tongue
HISTOLOGY: differs depending on what type of papilla or tissue section you are viewing

20
Q

Filiform papillae function & location

A

FUNCTION: most numerous type of lingual papillae; very fine in texture, give the tongue a velvety texture (no taste buds); on body

21
Q

Fungiform papillae function & location

A

FUNCTION:mushroom-shaped small red dots; associated with taste buds; on body

22
Q

Foliate papillae function & location

A

FUNCTION: 4-11 vertical ridges on the lateral, posterior borders of the tongue; associated with taste buds

23
Q

Circumvallate papillae function & location

A

FUNCTION: 7-15 large, raised, mushroom-shaped papillae just anterior to the sulcus terminalis; associated with taste buds; Von Ebner’s salivary glands (flush the area near the taste pores)