Permanent Anterior Teeth Flashcards
} ***The curvature on the CEJ is about
1 mm less on the distal surface than
on the mesial } The distal incisal edges of anterior
teeth are more rounded than the
mesial aspects } Triangular when view from the
proximal view
*Not all teeth will meet all anatomical criteria *Significant variations may occur
-Mandibular teeth tend to wear on the labial/facial edge and
maxillary teeth wear on the lingual aspects, unless they have
class III occlusion
} All anterior teeth develop from four lobes: three
facial, one lingual (mesiofacial, middle facial,
distofacial, lingual) that correspond with the
mamelons and cingulum } Imbrication lines-ridges on the cervical 1/3 } Pe r i k y m a t a -grooves on the cervical 1/3 } Labial developmental depressions separate the
lobes (mesiofacial and distofacial developmental
depressions), not as prominent on mandibular
} **Maxillary incisors are wider
mesiodistally than faciolingually
and it is the opposite for
mandibular incisors } All are succedaneous
} CEJ curvature on proximal surface is greater
than posterior teeth
} Cingulum is present on all anterior teeth:
raised, rounded area on the cervical 1/3, and
corresponds with the lingual lobe
development
} Cingulum has mesial and distal marginal
ridges
} Some have a fossa or fossae-depressions
} Some have developmental pits-sharp pointed
depression- common max lateral incicor
} Height of contour (crest of curvature):
incisal 1/3 on mesial and distal, cervical 1/3
on facial and lingual
General Characteristics of Anterior Teeth
All anterior teeth develop from 4 lobes or 3
4
think about the 3 mamelons and 1 lingual cingulum
Ridges on the cervical third
Imbrication lines
Perikymata
grooves on the cervical 1/3
separate the
lobes (mesiofacial and distofacial developmental
depressions), not as prominent on mandibular
Labial developmental depressions
Cingulums have a mesial and distal __ __
marginal ridges
} Wider mesiodistally than faciolingually
} Mesioincisal edge is almost 90 degrees, distoincisal
edge is rounder
} Cingulum is off-set to the distal } Crown may have imbrication lines
} Mesial marginal ridge is longer than distal
} Single conical root is triangular, wider on facial than lingual
} Root apex is generally smooth with blunted apex
} One pulp chamber with three pulp horns
Maxillary Central Incisors
} Crown has the greatest degree of variation of
any permanent tooth except third molars
} Mesioincisal angle is more square than
distoincisal angle
} May have a vertical linguogingival groove that
may extend subgingivally
} Small centered cingulum*
} Imbrication lines are less common
} Deeper lingual fossa that may end in a deep lingual pit
} Single conical root that is relatively smooth and
straight } Root generally ends in a sharper apex than central
and more often deflects to the distal
Maxillary Lateral Incisors
Which crown has greatest variation of any permanent tooth except third molars
Maxillary Lateral Incisors
May have vertical linguogingival groove that may extend subgingivally
Max lateral incisors
} Crown is wider faciolingually than mesiodistally,
opposite maxillary incisors
} Permanent mandibular central incisors are the smallest
teeth in the mouth and most symmetrical
} Mandibular laterals tend to be slightly larger than centrals,
laterals flare at the incisal 1/3
} Incisal edge wears on the labial surface and has a lingual
inclination
} Very prominent proximal root concavities are present on
both laterals and centrals
} Significantly less lingual anatomy than maxillary
General Characteristics of Mandibular Incisors
Central incisors are very similar only way to tell them apart is the ___ ____
CEJ curvature
Do central incisors and lateral incisors mandibular have root concavities
Yes very prominent
} Most difficult to identify as right/left due to
symmetry
} **Incisal view: incisal edge is perpendicular to
faciolingual axis of tooth
} **small centered cingulum, very little lingual
anatomy if any
} Mesioincisal angle is slightly sharper than the
distoincisal—very hard to tell
} Mesial and distal lobes appear identical
} Incisal edge has a very slight lingual inclination
} Root tips may have slight distal curve
Mandibular central incisors
Incisal edge is perpendicular to faciolingual axis of tooth
Mandibular central incisors
} Distoincisal edge is angled toward the
lingual— “Distal Twist”
} Incisal view shows distal twist compared
to the long axis of the tooth
} ***Cingulum lies toward the distal
aspect—off set
} **Distal twist is necessary for mandibular
teeth to fit within the maxillary arch
} Distal lobe is larger than mesial
} Mesial view shows more lingual surface
because of the distal twist
} One pulp chamber with three pulp horns
} Pronounced proximal root concavities, especially on
the distal, double root } Root apex may have a distal inclination
Mandibular Lateral Incisors
When looking at a mandibular lateral incisor what angle would should more lingual surface Mesial or distal
Mesial
You are examining an extracted incisor. You have decided
it is maxillary based on its morphology, and now you are
trying to decide whether or not it is a central or a lateral
incisor. What is the most reliable feature?
Cingulum is centered or not
} Also called “eye teeth,” “cuspids”
} Only permanent teeth with one cusp—no
mamelons
} Longest, strongest roots and densest anterior
teeth and therefore appear darker in color (due
to location and function), most stable teeth in
mouth
} Wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
} Facial or lingual view outline appears
pentagonal
} Proximal view is triangular
} Cusp tip present with four cusp slopes or ridges
} Mesial cusp slope is shorter than the distal } Mesial cusp slope of maxillary occludes with the distal
of mandibular cusp slope (wear?) } Only permanent tooth with vertical and
centrally placed labial and lingual ridges } Root is concave on both proximal surfaces and egg
shaped on cross section } Cingulum present with mesial and distal marginal
ridges } Lingual ridge extends from cusp tip to the cingulum } Crown is more narrow on lingual } Serve as cornerstone teeth for shape of face, and aid
with vertical dimension
General Characteristics of Canines
Longest strongest root and most stable tooth in the mouth
CANINES
What tooth facial or lingual view appears pentagonal
CANINE
Maxillary canines
} Cingulum is centered, usually continuous with
cusp ridge
} Very prominent facial cusp ridge (labial ridge)
} Similar in shape to mandibular, but cusp tip is sharper
and larger
} Lingual anatomy is more prominent than mandibular
canines with prominent mesial and distal marginal
ridges
} Cusp slope on the mesial is shorter than distal
cusp slope
} Proximal contact is higher on distal
} Mesial aspect from incisal view is rounded and distal
concave
} Mesial and distal lingual fossae
} May have lingual groove or pit }
Maxillary canine crown tends to be shorter than
mandibular canines
} Longer root than mandibular
} Root is blunted and may diverge to the dista
l } One pulp chamber and horn
Man Canines
} Crown is longer than maxillary } Rarely has lingual grooves or pits } Lingual surface is almost smooth
with poorly developed anatomy } Incisal view is more symmetrical
than maxillary canines } Cingulum is offset to the distal*** } Crown is much more symmetrical than
maxillary } Mesial marginal ridge is longer than distal } Most common anterior tooth to
have bifurcated root
} Single root tends to be shorter than
maxillary canine
} Proximal concavities may extend the
full length of the root and extremely
pronounced to give the tooth a “double
rooted look” from facial or lingual view
} Root apex more pointed than maxillary
canines
} Pulp cavity has one pulp chamber and
one pulp horn with two pulp canals
(lingual and facially placed), and may join
at the apex
} May have bifurcated root, one buccal
and one lingual at apical 1/3
Which crown is longer maxillary canines or mandibular
Mandibular canine crown is longer but root is shorter
