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Medicine, Year 2, Block 12 (Neurological, Neuromuscular, and MSK Diseases) > The Lower Limb Muscle Groups > Flashcards

The Lower Limb Muscle Groups Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names for the two fascias for the thigh and lower leg?

A 
Fascia lata (thigh)
Fascia crura (lower leg)
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2
Q

The fascia lata is superficial to all muscles of the thigh, however encloses which two specific muscles?

A

Tensor fascia lata

Gluteus maximums

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3
Q

The fascia lata is continuous with which ligament?

A

Inguinal ligament

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4
Q

What vein passes through the Fascia lata? What is the name of the structure of the Fascia lata which it passes through?

A

Saphenous vein, passing through the Cribiform fascia of the Fascia lata

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5
Q

What are the three compartments of both the thigh and lower leg?

A

Thigh: Anterior, Posterior, Medial

Lower leg: Anterior, Posterior, Lateral

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6
Q

What is Compartment Syndrome?

A

Painful condition where pressure builds up in the muscles causing decreased blood flow reducing oxygen / nutrient supply

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7
Q

How can Compartment Syndrome be treated?

A

Fasciotomy

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8
Q

What are the five P’s of Compartment syndrome?

A
  • Pallor
  • Pulselessness
  • Parasthesia
  • Pain
  • Paralysis
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9
Q

What are the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Thigh?

A

Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)

Sartorius

Pectineus

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10
Q

Where does the Rectus femoris originate and insert onto?

A

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) to the Patella

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11
Q

Which of the Quadriceps femoris muscles are Bipennate?

A

Rectus femoris

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12
Q

Where does the Sartoritus originate and insert into?

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) to the tibia

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13
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

Femoral artery

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14
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

A

Extension of knee

Flexion of hip

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15
Q

What are the muscles of the Medial compartment of the Thigh?

A

Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus

Gracilis
Obturator externa

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Medial compartment of the Thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

Obturator artery

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17
Q

What is the function of the muscles of the Medial Compartment of the Thigh?

A

Adduct the hips

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18
Q

What are the boundaries of the Femoral triangle?

A

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus

19
Q

What is the floor and roof of the Femoral triangle?

A 
Roof = Fascia lata
Floor = Pectineus, Iliopsoas, Adductor longus
20
Q

Where would a femoral hernia occur?

A

In the empty space of the femoral triangle

21
Q

Which of the contents of the Femoral triangle is not situated within the Femoral sheath?

A

Femoral nerve

22
Q

What are the contents of the Femoral triangle?

A

NAVEL

Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Empty Space
Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes
23
Q

What common source does the Femoral and Obturator nerve come from?

A

Lumbar plexus

24
Q

What are the muscles of the Posterior compartment of the Thigh?

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembraneosus
Biceps femoris

Adductor magnus

25
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Posterior compartment of the Thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

Profunda femoris

26
Q

What is the origin of the Hamstring muscles of the Posterior compartment in the thigh?

A

Ischial tuberosity

27
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the Posterior compartment of the knee?

A

Extension of hip

Flexion of knee

28
Q

What are the muscles of the Gluteal region?

A 
Gluteus maximus
Glutetus medius
Gluteus minimus
Obturator internus and gamelli 
Quadratus femoris
Tensor fascia lata
29
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus maximus?

A

Extensor of the hip

30
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus medius and minimus?

A

ABduction

Medial rotation

31
Q

What is the source of the Sciatic nerve?

A

Sacral plexus

32
Q

What are the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Tibilias anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

33
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Deep fibular nerve

Anterior tibial artery

34
Q

What are the muscles of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

35
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

Fibular artery

36
Q

What are the muscles of the Posterior SUPERFICIAL compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

37
Q

What are the muscles of the Posterior DEEP compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Popliteus

38
Q

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Posterior compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Tibial nerve

Posterior tibial artery

39
Q

What is the function of the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Dorsi-flexion of the ankle

40
Q

What is the function of the muscles of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Eversion of ankle

41
Q

What is the function of the muscles of the Posterior compartment of the Lower leg?

A

Plantar-flexion of the ankle

42
Q

What is the shape of the Popliteal fossa? What are its contents?

A

Diamond shaped

Popliteal artery and vein
Tibial nerve
Small saphenous vein

43
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral

44
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh, all of the lower leg and foot?

A

Sciatic

Medicine, Year 2, Block 12 (Neurological, Neuromuscular, and MSK Diseases) (36 decks)

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