The Lower Limb Muscle Groups

Question 1

What are the names for the two fascias for the thigh and lower leg?

Answer 1

Fascia lata (thigh)
Fascia crura (lower leg)

Question 2

The fascia lata is superficial to all muscles of the thigh, however encloses which two specific muscles?

Answer 2

Tensor fascia lata

Gluteus maximums

Question 3

The fascia lata is continuous with which ligament?

Answer 3

Inguinal ligament

Question 4

What vein passes through the Fascia lata? What is the name of the structure of the Fascia lata which it passes through?

Answer 4

Saphenous vein, passing through the Cribiform fascia of the Fascia lata

Question 5

What are the three compartments of both the thigh and lower leg?

Answer 5

Thigh: Anterior, Posterior, Medial

Lower leg: Anterior, Posterior, Lateral

Question 6

What is Compartment Syndrome?

Answer 6

Painful condition where pressure builds up in the muscles causing decreased blood flow reducing oxygen / nutrient supply

Question 7

How can Compartment Syndrome be treated?

Answer 7

Fasciotomy

Question 8

What are the five P’s of Compartment syndrome?

Answer 8

• Pallor
• Pulselessness
• Parasthesia
• Pain
• Paralysis

Question 9

What are the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 9

Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)

Sartorius

Pectineus

Question 10

Where does the Rectus femoris originate and insert onto?

Answer 10

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) to the Patella

Question 11

Which of the Quadriceps femoris muscles are Bipennate?

Answer 11

Rectus femoris

Question 12

Where does the Sartoritus originate and insert into?

Answer 12

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) to the tibia

Question 13

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 13

Femoral nerve

Femoral artery

Question 14

What is the function of the muscles in the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 14

Extension of knee

Flexion of hip

Question 15

What are the muscles of the Medial compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 15

Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus

Gracilis
Obturator externa

Question 16

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Medial compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 16

Obturator nerve

Obturator artery

Question 17

What is the function of the muscles of the Medial Compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 17

Adduct the hips

Question 18

What are the boundaries of the Femoral triangle?

Answer 18

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus

Question 19

What is the floor and roof of the Femoral triangle?

Answer 19

Roof = Fascia lata
Floor = Pectineus, Iliopsoas, Adductor longus

Question 20

Where would a femoral hernia occur?

Answer 20

In the empty space of the femoral triangle

Question 21

Which of the contents of the Femoral triangle is not situated within the Femoral sheath?

Answer 21

Femoral nerve

Question 22

What are the contents of the Femoral triangle?

Answer 22

NAVEL

Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Empty Space
Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes

Question 23

What common source does the Femoral and Obturator nerve come from?

Answer 23

Lumbar plexus

Question 24

What are the muscles of the Posterior compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 24

Semitendinosus
Semimembraneosus
Biceps femoris

Adductor magnus

Question 25

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Posterior compartment of the Thigh?

Answer 25

Sciatic nerve | Profunda femoris

Question 26

What is the origin of the Hamstring muscles of the Posterior compartment in the thigh?

Answer 26

Ischial tuberosity

Question 27

What is the function of the muscles in the Posterior compartment of the knee?

Answer 27

Extension of hip | Flexion of knee

Question 28

What are the muscles of the Gluteal region?

Answer 28

``` Gluteus maximus Glutetus medius Gluteus minimus Obturator internus and gamelli Quadratus femoris Tensor fascia lata ```

Question 29

What is the function of the Gluteus maximus?

Answer 29

Extensor of the hip

Question 30

What is the function of the Gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 30

ABduction | Medial rotation

Question 31

What is the source of the Sciatic nerve?

Answer 31

Sacral plexus

Question 32

What are the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 32

Tibilias anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius

Question 33

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 33

Deep fibular nerve | Anterior tibial artery

Question 34

What are the muscles of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 34

Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis

Question 35

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 35

Superficial fibular nerve | Fibular artery

Question 36

What are the muscles of the Posterior SUPERFICIAL compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 36

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 37

What are the muscles of the Posterior DEEP compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 37

Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Popliteus

Question 38

What is the nerve supply and arterial supply of the Posterior compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 38

Tibial nerve | Posterior tibial artery

Question 39

What is the function of the muscles of the Anterior compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 39

Dorsi-flexion of the ankle

Question 40

What is the function of the muscles of the Lateral compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 40

Eversion of ankle

Question 41

What is the function of the muscles of the Posterior compartment of the Lower leg?

Answer 41

Plantar-flexion of the ankle

Question 42

What is the shape of the Popliteal fossa? What are its contents?

Answer 42

Diamond shaped Popliteal artery and vein Tibial nerve Small saphenous vein

Question 43

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 43

Femoral

Question 44

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh, all of the lower leg and foot?

Answer 44

Sciatic