The Knee: Function and Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of bone is the patella?

A

Sesamoid

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2
Q

The medial collateral ligament resists ……. forces?

A

Valgus forces

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3
Q

The lateral collateral ligament resists ………. forces?

A

Varus forces

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4
Q

The medial collateral ligament attaches to which meniscus?

A

Medial meniscus

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5
Q

The lateral collateral ligament attaches to which meniscus?

A

It is not connected to the lateral meniscus

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6
Q

How can you test for medial collateral ligament function?

A

MCL test - push knee towards midline

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7
Q

How can you test for lateral collateral ligament function?

A

LCL test - pull knee away from midline

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8
Q

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament prevents femur displacement in which direction?

A

Posterior femur displacement

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9
Q

The Posterior Cruciate Ligament prevents femur displacement in which direction?

A

Anterior femur displacement

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10
Q

Why is a hand placed on Hamstrings during a Lachman’s test?

A

Can feel whether or not hamstrings are tense - can compensate the broken ACL

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11
Q

Which is more common, anterior or posterior cruciate ligament tear?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

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12
Q

What are the shapes of the Medial and Lateral Menisci?

A
Medial = C shaped
Lateral = O shaped
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13
Q

Are the cruciate ligaments intra capsular or extra capsular? Are they intra synovial or extra synovial?

A

Intra capsular, extra synovial

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14
Q

What is the function of the Popliteus muscle with respect to the knee?

A

Unlocking the knees when walking, by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia when foot is in contact with ground

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the Popliteus muscle?

A

Tibial nerve

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16
Q

Where do the muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris insert onto?

A

All insert onto the tibial tuberosity

17
Q

What is the innervation of the Quadriceps Femoris group?

A

Femoral nerve

18
Q

What is the Iliotibial band? What is it supported by?

A

Thickening of the Fascia Lata, supported by the Gluteus maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata

19
Q

What is a normal Q angle for men and women?

A

Men: 14 degrees
Women: 17 degrees

20
Q

What is the Q angle?

A

Angle representing force of Quadriceps femoris, between ASIS and mid-patella

21
Q

What are the three hamstring muscles?

A

Semi-tendinosus
Semi-membranosus
Biceps femoris

22
Q

What is the innervation of the Hamstring muscles?

A

Sciatic nerve

23
Q

The Pes Anserinus is a conjoined set of which 3 tendons?

A

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus

24
Q

Does the Pes Anserinus sit anterior or posterior to the MCL?

A

Anterior / more superficial to MCL

25
What are the borders of the Popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus Biceps femoris Gastrocnemius
26
Medial to lateral, what are the contents of the Popliteal fossa?
Popliteal artery Popliteal vein Tibial nerve Common fibular nerve