The Knee: Function and Injuries Flashcards
What kind of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid
The medial collateral ligament resists ……. forces?
Valgus forces
The lateral collateral ligament resists ………. forces?
Varus forces
The medial collateral ligament attaches to which meniscus?
Medial meniscus
The lateral collateral ligament attaches to which meniscus?
It is not connected to the lateral meniscus
How can you test for medial collateral ligament function?
MCL test - push knee towards midline
How can you test for lateral collateral ligament function?
LCL test - pull knee away from midline
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament prevents femur displacement in which direction?
Posterior femur displacement
The Posterior Cruciate Ligament prevents femur displacement in which direction?
Anterior femur displacement
Why is a hand placed on Hamstrings during a Lachman’s test?
Can feel whether or not hamstrings are tense - can compensate the broken ACL
Which is more common, anterior or posterior cruciate ligament tear?
Anterior cruciate ligament
What are the shapes of the Medial and Lateral Menisci?
Medial = C shaped Lateral = O shaped
Are the cruciate ligaments intra capsular or extra capsular? Are they intra synovial or extra synovial?
Intra capsular, extra synovial
What is the function of the Popliteus muscle with respect to the knee?
Unlocking the knees when walking, by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia when foot is in contact with ground
What is the innervation of the Popliteus muscle?
Tibial nerve
Where do the muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris insert onto?
All insert onto the tibial tuberosity
What is the innervation of the Quadriceps Femoris group?
Femoral nerve
What is the Iliotibial band? What is it supported by?
Thickening of the Fascia Lata, supported by the Gluteus maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata
What is a normal Q angle for men and women?
Men: 14 degrees
Women: 17 degrees
What is the Q angle?
Angle representing force of Quadriceps femoris, between ASIS and mid-patella
What are the three hamstring muscles?
Semi-tendinosus
Semi-membranosus
Biceps femoris
What is the innervation of the Hamstring muscles?
Sciatic nerve
The Pes Anserinus is a conjoined set of which 3 tendons?
Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
Does the Pes Anserinus sit anterior or posterior to the MCL?
Anterior / more superficial to MCL
What are the borders of the Popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
Gastrocnemius
Medial to lateral, what are the contents of the Popliteal fossa?
Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein
Tibial nerve
Common fibular nerve
