Prevention of Stroke

Question 1

What are 6 modifiable risk factors for stroke?

Answer 1

Hypertension
Diabetes
Atrial Fibrillation
Smoking
Hyperlipidaemia
Obesity

Question 2

What are the two types of stroke which can occur?

Answer 2

Ischaemic

Haemorrhagic

Question 3

Define “primary prevention”

Answer 3

Preventing the onset of disease before it has occurred

Question 4

Define “secondary prevention”

Answer 4

Intervene and hopefully limit disease before it fully develop

Question 5

Describe the rhythm of Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 5

Irregularly irregular

Question 6

What does the P wave on an ECG illustrate?

Answer 6

Atrial depolarisation

Question 7

Name 1 Risk Score to assess likelihood of developing a Stroke?

Answer 7

CHADS score

QRISK2

Question 8

What is cardio-version?

Answer 8

A procedure by which an abnormally fast heart rate (tachycardia) or other cardiac arrhythmia is converted to a normal rhythm using electricity or drugs

Question 9

What is the “Prevention Paradox”?

Answer 9

The majority of cases of a disease come from a population at low or moderate risk of that disease

Question 10

What is NNT “Number needed to treat”

Answer 10

Average number of patients who need to be treated to prevent one additional bad outcome

Question 11

What is a Carotid Endarterectomy?

Answer 11

Surgery used to reduce risk of stroke by correcting stenosis (narrowing) in the common carotid artery or internal carotid artery