The Living World Flashcards
What is distribution
The way something is spread out or arranged over a geographic area
What are Ecosystems
A community of plants and animals that interact with each other
What is a Biome
A large scale ecosystem e.g desert savannah tundra each biome has a different climate
What are characteristics of ecosytems
Different features of an ecosystem e.g climate, soil, vegetation
What is Climate
The period of weather over a certain amount of time in an area of place
What is an adaptation
Where an organism changes to suits environment
What is the rainforest water cycle
- Heavy daily convectional rain
- Trees intercept rain
- Some reaches ground
- Trees take up water
- Water evaporates
And it repeats
What is the nutrient cycle
This is the cycle which helps plant and other organisms grow
What is the litter layer
The litter layer is the top layer of soil because it is the layer where leaves and other things are dropped
What type of ecosystem is a rainforest
An independent ecosystem
What is the name of the rainforest layer which is 40+ meter
The emergent layer
What is the name of the layer which is 20-40 meters tall
Canopy
What is the name of the layer which is 10 to 20 meters tall
Under canopy
What is the name of the layer which is 0-10 meters
Shrub layer
What are the facts about the emergent layer
They are fast growing ( such as kapok which is a fibre) this also out compete other plants
What is the canopy used for
This is a leafy area often used my animals
What are the important facts about the under canopy
This is where lianas climb and trees wait for space to grow
What are the facts about the shrub layer
Dark gloomy very little sunlight and can flood
What is an adaptation
This means is where an organism evolves and changes to suit its environment
What is deforestation
This is the cutting down of trees often on a large scale
What is important about tropical rainforest
. Bio diverse
. Are critical to gas’s consumption
. 4-6000 animals go extinct every year
. Good places to find medicinal plants
Where is Malaysia located
I’m the northern hemisphere in the south west of the Philippines. The capital is kuala lumbar found 3N 101 E
What are the causes of deforestation in Malaysia
Commercial farming
Subsistence farming
Energy development
Mining
Logging
Road building
And population growth
Commercial farming in Malaysia
Effect’s deforestation as trees are cut down for palm oil plantations 85% of worlds palm oil come from there
How does substitute farming effect deforestation in malyasia
They use fire to clear the forests killing valuable nutrients. However indigenous people rely on the forest for tradition
How does energy development effect deforestation in malyasia
Causes dams to be built meaning vast areas are flooded which rots the forest
How does mining effect deforestation in malyasia
Large amounts of trees are cut down to make room for the mine. Mining and smelting Tin is common in Malaysia. However it provide valuable materials
How does logging effect deforestation in malaysia
All trees in a certain area are cut down including young trees
How does population growth effect deforestation Malaysia
Because the more houses that are built the trees are needed to be cut down. Between 1956-1980 about 15000 acres of trees were cut down. This can be solved by people having less children
How does road building effect deforestation in malaysia
Large stretches of land are deforested to make room for roads animals are killed because of this. For example the pan Borneo highway
What are liana’s and how have they adapted
Lianas are plants that roots climb up the trees in the ground to reach available sunlight in the rainforest they look like vines that come from tree to tree
What are fan palms and how have they adapted to the rainforest
They have large shaped leaves that are good for catching limited sunlight they are segmented so that water can be drained away. They also have very shallow roots
What are anteaters and how have they adapted to the rainforest
The ground in the rainforest is soft this helps the anteater walk on its knuckles and can listen to the ants bellow
What are Squirrel monkey and how are they adapted to the rainforest
They can live in varied habitats and have a flexible diet. They also have learnt to travel in groups
How many different tree species grow in Malaysia
11371 species
What are the local impacts of deforestation in malaysia
.it’s happening faster in Malaysia than any other place
. Pollution of waterways can lead to shortages
. HEP will provide cheap electricity
. Development of mining and tourism can make jobs
.timber mainly hardwoods is taken for markets which develops the country
Resources of Malaysia rainforest are ?
.11371 species grow there
. There are medicinal plants
What is the economic gain of deforestation
Jobs
Cheap and plentiful energy
Golf
Taxes
Improve infrastructure
Economic and Environmental loses
Climate change
Medicinal benefits
Pollution
Water shortages
what are the names of the tropics
tropic of cancer (northern hemisphere)
tropic of Capricorn ( southern hemisphere)
what is the line which goes through the middle of the earth
the equator
where are the perecentage of rainforrests and found
they are found along the equator how ever there is one located on the tropic of Capricorn in Australia
what is biomass and why is it important
this is all living things in the ecosystem such as plants animals
what is organic litter
this is dead or organic material such as fallen leaves ore tree trunks and dead animals
how is soil made
this is developed by the mixing of dead organic material with weathered bedrock
why is deforestation happening in Malaysia
transmigration has caused Forrest to be destroyed due to houses being built
there is a growing need for land to be used for products such as palm oil and rubber
to allow access for mining in Malaysia
deforestation is driven by profit. short term gains leading to long term impacts
what are the local impacts of deforestation in Malaysia
development of mining and farming are providing jobs
timber and tree roots can be sold and can bring in income for the local people
the rain forest is used a tourism pull o destroying that could reduce tourism
removing the rain Forrest is causing the soil to become much less fertile and worse for farmers
what are the global impacts of deforestation in Malaysia
loss of medicinal plants
they are large co2 consumers and if we destroy them it can impact the green house effect
what is the economic gain of deforestation
jobs
cheap and plentifully energy
gold
taxes
improved infrastructure
what is the economic and environmental impacts
climate change
medicinal benefits
pollution
water shortages
