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Geography > The Living World > Flashcards

The Living World Flashcards

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1
Q

What is distribution

A

The way something is spread out or arranged over a geographic area

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2
Q

What are Ecosystems

A

A community of plants and animals that interact with each other

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3
Q

What is a Biome

A

A large scale ecosystem e.g desert savannah tundra each biome has a different climate

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4
Q

What are characteristics of ecosytems

A

Different features of an ecosystem e.g climate, soil, vegetation

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5
Q

What is Climate

A

The period of weather over a certain amount of time in an area of place

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6
Q

What is an adaptation

A

Where an organism changes to suits environment

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7
Q

What is the rainforest water cycle

A
  1. Heavy daily convectional rain
  2. Trees intercept rain
  3. Some reaches ground
  4. Trees take up water
  5. Water evaporates
    And it repeats
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8
Q

What is the nutrient cycle

A

This is the cycle which helps plant and other organisms grow

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9
Q

What is the litter layer

A

The litter layer is the top layer of soil because it is the layer where leaves and other things are dropped

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10
Q

What type of ecosystem is a rainforest

A

An independent ecosystem

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11
Q

What is the name of the rainforest layer which is 40+ meter

A

The emergent layer

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12
Q

What is the name of the layer which is 20-40 meters tall

A

Canopy

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13
Q

What is the name of the layer which is 10 to 20 meters tall

A

Under canopy

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14
Q

What is the name of the layer which is 0-10 meters

A

Shrub layer

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15
Q

What are the facts about the emergent layer

A

They are fast growing ( such as kapok which is a fibre) this also out compete other plants

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16
Q

What is the canopy used for

A

This is a leafy area often used my animals

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17
Q

What are the important facts about the under canopy

A

This is where lianas climb and trees wait for space to grow

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18
Q

What are the facts about the shrub layer

A

Dark gloomy very little sunlight and can flood

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19
Q

What is an adaptation

A

This means is where an organism evolves and changes to suit its environment

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20
Q

What is deforestation

A

This is the cutting down of trees often on a large scale

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21
Q

What is important about tropical rainforest

A

. Bio diverse
. Are critical to gas’s consumption
. 4-6000 animals go extinct every year
. Good places to find medicinal plants

22
Q

Where is Malaysia located

A

I’m the northern hemisphere in the south west of the Philippines. The capital is kuala lumbar found 3N 101 E

23
Q

What are the causes of deforestation in Malaysia

A

Commercial farming
Subsistence farming
Energy development
Mining
Logging
Road building
And population growth

24
Q

Commercial farming in Malaysia

A

Effect’s deforestation as trees are cut down for palm oil plantations 85% of worlds palm oil come from there

25
Q

How does substitute farming effect deforestation in malyasia

A

They use fire to clear the forests killing valuable nutrients. However indigenous people rely on the forest for tradition

26
Q

How does energy development effect deforestation in malyasia

A

Causes dams to be built meaning vast areas are flooded which rots the forest

27
Q

How does mining effect deforestation in malyasia

A

Large amounts of trees are cut down to make room for the mine. Mining and smelting Tin is common in Malaysia. However it provide valuable materials

28
Q

How does logging effect deforestation in malaysia

A

All trees in a certain area are cut down including young trees

29
Q

How does population growth effect deforestation Malaysia

A

Because the more houses that are built the trees are needed to be cut down. Between 1956-1980 about 15000 acres of trees were cut down. This can be solved by people having less children

30
Q

How does road building effect deforestation in malaysia

A

Large stretches of land are deforested to make room for roads animals are killed because of this. For example the pan Borneo highway

31
Q

What are liana’s and how have they adapted

A

Lianas are plants that roots climb up the trees in the ground to reach available sunlight in the rainforest they look like vines that come from tree to tree

32
Q

What are fan palms and how have they adapted to the rainforest

A

They have large shaped leaves that are good for catching limited sunlight they are segmented so that water can be drained away. They also have very shallow roots

33
Q

What are anteaters and how have they adapted to the rainforest

A

The ground in the rainforest is soft this helps the anteater walk on its knuckles and can listen to the ants bellow

34
Q

What are Squirrel monkey and how are they adapted to the rainforest

A

They can live in varied habitats and have a flexible diet. They also have learnt to travel in groups

35
Q

How many different tree species grow in Malaysia

A

11371 species

36
Q

What are the local impacts of deforestation in malaysia

A

.it’s happening faster in Malaysia than any other place
. Pollution of waterways can lead to shortages
. HEP will provide cheap electricity
. Development of mining and tourism can make jobs
.timber mainly hardwoods is taken for markets which develops the country

37
Q

Resources of Malaysia rainforest are ?

A

.11371 species grow there
. There are medicinal plants

38
Q

What is the economic gain of deforestation

A

Jobs
Cheap and plentiful energy
Golf
Taxes
Improve infrastructure

39
Q

Economic and Environmental loses

A

Climate change
Medicinal benefits
Pollution
Water shortages

40
Q

what are the names of the tropics

A

tropic of cancer (northern hemisphere)
tropic of Capricorn ( southern hemisphere)

41
Q

what is the line which goes through the middle of the earth

A

the equator

42
Q

where are the perecentage of rainforrests and found

A

they are found along the equator how ever there is one located on the tropic of Capricorn in Australia

43
Q

what is biomass and why is it important

A

this is all living things in the ecosystem such as plants animals

44
Q

what is organic litter

A

this is dead or organic material such as fallen leaves ore tree trunks and dead animals

45
Q

how is soil made

A

this is developed by the mixing of dead organic material with weathered bedrock

46
Q

why is deforestation happening in Malaysia

A

transmigration has caused Forrest to be destroyed due to houses being built

there is a growing need for land to be used for products such as palm oil and rubber

to allow access for mining in Malaysia

deforestation is driven by profit. short term gains leading to long term impacts

47
Q

what are the local impacts of deforestation in Malaysia

A

development of mining and farming are providing jobs

timber and tree roots can be sold and can bring in income for the local people

the rain forest is used a tourism pull o destroying that could reduce tourism

removing the rain Forrest is causing the soil to become much less fertile and worse for farmers

48
Q

what are the global impacts of deforestation in Malaysia

A

loss of medicinal plants

they are large co2 consumers and if we destroy them it can impact the green house effect

49
Q

what is the economic gain of deforestation

A

jobs
cheap and plentifully energy
gold
taxes
improved infrastructure

50
Q

what is the economic and environmental impacts

A

climate change
medicinal benefits
pollution
water shortages

51
Q
A

Geography (12 decks)

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