Coasts case studies Flashcards
Holderness and Lincolnshire coast is are an example of what
a case study of a coastal area at a large scale
what sediment cell is the Holderness coast in
It is in the second sediment cell along the east of the coast
what are the characteristics of the Holderness coast between Flamborough and sewerby
This stretch of coastline has a large amount of wave-cut platforms and has Flamborough head which has chalk cliffs
This area erodes at a slow rate of 0-0.4m per year
what is the SMP plan for Flamborough to sewerby
there is no active intervention in this area
what are the characteristics of the Holderness coastline between Sewerby and kilnsea
soft cliffs from 3m up to 40m which are made from silt and clay
a thin sandy beach is in front of this area
cliffs are eroding at 1.8m per year
over 1000 years at Holderness coast has retreated
erosion takes place through repeated landslide activity
potential loss of 26 villages
what towns are located btween sewerby and kilhsea on the holderness coast and what are the SMPS there
hold the line : bridligton, Hornsea, Mapplton, Witherness sea and easington
NO SMP= along the rest of the coast
what are Mapleton’s coastal defences
Village of 50 homes and 342 people
erosion rate of 2m per year
Mapleton is served by the B1241 connecting the village to main roads
in 1991 they spent almost 2 million on rock groynes
they have rock armor at the base cliffs to absorb energy during stroms
erosion has deacreased because of this
however further south erosion has increased
what is spurn head
spurn head is a spit
what are the characteristics of spurn head
spurn head is a sppit which is 5.5km long into the humber estuary
since 1997 is has increased in size by 30m
has been breached numerous times and in 1996 it had to be repaired to miantain acess to the spit
provide shelter for mudflats and gives protection to Grimsby and Cleethorpes
what are the characteristics of the outer humber estuary
this is influenced by bothe the tide and by the river
fine sediment is pulled from the holderness cliffs and is pulled in from the tide
strong tidal flows strop most of the north south mmovement
medium and fine sands are able to cross the channel and build up sand banks anround donna nook
what are the characteristics and SMP plan of the Lincolnshire coast
wide andy beaches between Grimsby and donna nook which deacreases in width
the beaches are being fed by sediment from the Holderness coast
hold the line
where is the Sundarbans located
On the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal.
What makes the Sundarbans ecologically special?
It’s the world’s largest mangrove forest, home to 260 bird species, Bengal tigers, crocodiles, and Indian pythons.
What historical exploitation occurred in the Sundarbans?
The British (1757–1947) cleared forests for timber, shipbuilding, and farming.
How has education helped the Sundarbans?
Nature clubs promote environmental awareness and reduce forest dependency.
What are the economic opportunities in the Sundarbans?
Fishing, honey collection (by Mawalis), and ecotourism (Bengal tigers, dolphins, birds).
What challenges do residents face in the Sundarbans?
Rising sea levels, cyclones, and flooding that destroy homes and farms.
What coastal processes shape the Sundarbans landscape?
Tidal action – floods and deposits silt
Deposition – builds mudflats and islands
Erosion – from tides, storms, and floods
Longshore drift – shapes sandbanks
Fluvial processes – shifts river channels
How do people adapt to environmental challenges in the Sundarbans?
Raised homes, floating gardens, salt-tolerant crops, and mangrove planting.
What are the protection methods used in the Sundarbans?
Embankments, cyclone shelters, and early warning systems.
