cold environments

Question 1

what is a cold environment

Answer 1

this is a place with cold temperatures all year round very icy and snowy usually tundra

Question 2

what is permafrost

Answer 2

permanently frozen ground

Question 3

what is tundra

Answer 3

the flat treeless regions of Europe frozen in winter

Question 4

what is polar

Answer 4

the northern and southern regions which are frozen

Question 5

where are the percentage of cold environments found

Answer 5

they are found in the arctic circle which is 66.5 degrees south and northern anomaly is that there are mountainous areas such as the Himalayas on the border of India

Question 6

what is an adaptation

Answer 6

an adaptation is an adjustment of organisms to its environments

Question 7

what are some example of polar adaptation for animals

Answer 7

polar beers have developed a waterproof white fur for good camo

Adeline penguins have small body surface area to make sure heat is contained

Question 8

why are cold environments easily destroyed

Answer 8

they can be easily destroyed by humans

they take a long time to be established so can be very delicate

it can take a long time to repair

Question 9

how can economic development be destroyed

Answer 9

cold environments are rich in supplies like gold, oil, coal etc for this to be extracted workshops are needed for people to work they also need to have large machines to extract them with ease which can cause damage

Question 10

how can off road vehicles cause damage

Answer 10

they can leave deep tier tracks in the tundra as this goes on the area grows in size and damages more of the landscape

Question 11

what is the impact of oil spills in polar areas

Answer 11

trees are killed
fire risk
becomes completely lifeless
habitats destroyed

Question 12

why do we need to protect cold environments

Answer 12

to not overflow seas
to look after enlarged animals
to look after plant life

Question 13

what is the location of Svalbard

Answer 13

Svalbard is located in the northern hemisphere in the north sea of the UK east of Canada

Question 14

what is the background information of Svalbard

Answer 14

the sunsets in October and does not rise for four months

Question 15

how is mineral extraction an opportunity in Svalbard

Answer 15

Svalbard has a rich reserve in coal and other resources

Question 16

why is mining a controversial issue in the environment

Answer 16

this is because many environmental groups are against it as burning coal is a major cause of green house gases

Question 17

How are energy developments a opportunity in Svalbard

Answer 17

they could use geothermal energy as the main source in the future

despite already using coal

Question 18

how is fishing an opportunity in Svalbard

Answer 18

there are an estimated 150 fish around Svalbard controlled by norway and russia there are also large fish nursery grounds around svalbard

Question 19

how is tourism an opportunity in Svalbard

Answer 19

very popular destination as people see the area as an adventurous place

in 2011 70,000 people visited 30,000 of these people were cruisers

Question 20

why are extreme temperatures a challenge in Svalbard

Answer 20

the temperature can drop to minus 30 degrees in the glacial areas

you can get frost bite

work outdoors such as building can be very slow and dangerous

Question 21

how is construction a challenge in Svalbard

Answer 21

its things can be destroyed when the ice cracks

hard to build due to permafrost

most roads are gravel or dirt

Question 22

How is accessibility a challenge in Svalbard

Answer 22

they have on airport

very few roads

no trains

and few ports

Question 23

In Svalbard what is a problem they have overcome and how

Answer 23

they have large herds of animals migrate across the route pipeline

they have risen the pipeline so that thy can migrate without it interfering

Question 24

how is technology used in Svalbard

Answer 24

they use pipelines to transport oil

how ever this is difficult as as they find it hard to run pipe lines due to the fact that they cannot break down the ground

Question 25

how can the government protect cold environments

Answer 25

the national environment policy act ensure that companies involved with the extraction of oil protect the natural environment

they could create special reserves

more sustainable fisheries

Question 26

What is stated in the Antarctic treaty

Answer 26

recognises the importance of the continent of scientific research especially into climate change

controls tourism and keeps disturbance to a minimum

this treaty was signed by countries which have territorial claims to parts of Svalbard

Question 27

what is a wilderness are

Answer 27

a wilderness area is a wild and unspoiled area unaffected by human activity

Question 28

what is the AO1 mark

Answer 28

that is the knowledge mark

Question 29

what is the AO2 mark

Answer 29

explanation of your point

Question 30

what is the A03 mark

Answer 30

your evaluation