The Great Depression and the New Deal

Question 1

What were the causes of the Great Depression? (9)

Answer 1

the dust bowl, tarriffs, overproduction, under consumption, laissez-faire, rugged individualism, loss of confidence, speculation

Question 2

What was Hoover seen as?

Answer 2

“A do-nothing” president

Question 3

What did Hoover actually do? (4)

Answer 3

Cut taxes, set up “reconstruction finance company”, introduced a new tarriff, told business leaders not to cut wages

Question 4

What is laissez-faire?

Answer 4

A policy where the government does not get involved with financial matters

Question 5

Why was Hoover’s reputation damaged before the 1932 election? (3)

Answer 5

• he thought the great depression would fix itself
• he believed in “rugged individualism”- people helping themselves
• the existance of Hoovervilles

Question 6

Why were hoovervilles called as such?

Answer 6

because people believed Hoover was responsible for them

Question 7

What was the Bonus army?

Answer 7

A group of WW1 veterans who were demanding money that they would have earned during the war

Question 8

When did Hoover promise to pay the bonus army?

Answer 8

1944

Question 9

What happened after Hoover first promised to pay the Bonus Army?

Answer 9

They demanded the money sooner, and Hoover responded by attacking their shanty towns, burning down the houses and using tear gas

Question 10

What caused the dust bowl?

Answer 10

overfarming+droughts

Question 11

What percentage of the working population relied on soup kitchens in the Great Depression?

Answer 11

25%

Question 12

How many migrants moved to California in the Great Depression?

Answer 12

375,000

Question 13

Why did the Great Depression affect black employees worse than white employees?

Answer 13

Because employers were more likely to sack black employees first

Question 14

What was rugged individualism?

Answer 14

Hoover’s belief that in the government helped people,, it would stop people from helping themselves. All people needed was /hard work/ and a /”can do”/ attitude!

Question 15

What was the New Deal?

Answer 15

A series of policies, organisations and initiatives designed to get america out of the Great Depression

Question 16

How far did Roosevelt travel during his campaign?

Answer 16

21km

Question 17

How many speeches did roosevelt make during his campaign?

Answer 17

12 major speeches and 60 from his train

Question 18

What was the result of the 1932 election?

Answer 18

Roosevelt won 42 out of the 48 states

Question 19

What were Roosevelt’s three priorities?

Answer 19

Reform, Recovery and Relief

Question 20

What was Roosevelt “not afraid to do”?

Answer 20

Say polite words while carrying a big stick

Question 21

What was Relief (in terms of the New Deal)?

Answer 21

Provinding relief to the elderly, sick and homeless

Question 22

What was Reform (in terms of the New Deal)?

Answer 22

Improving conditions for American people

Question 23

What was Recovery (in terms of the New Deal)?

Answer 23

Getting people back into work and getting industry working again

Question 24

What is an example of a relief-based organisation?

Answer 24

FERA

Question 25

What is an example of a reform-based organisation?

Answer 25

TVA

Question 26

What is an example of a recovery-based organisation?

Answer 26

CCC

Question 27

What does FERA stand for?

Answer 27

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

Question 28

What does CCC stand for?

Answer 28

Civilian Conservation Corps

Question 29

What does TVA stand for?

Answer 29

Tenessee Valley Authority

Question 30

What does NRA stand for?

Answer 30

National Recovery Administration

Question 31

What does PWA stand for?

Answer 31

Public Works Administration

Question 32

What did the FERA do?

Answer 32

Spend 500 million on soup kitchens, blankets, employment schemes and nursery schools

Question 33

What did the CCC do?

Answer 33

Young men could sign up to environmental projects if they couldn't find work.

Question 34

What did the PWA do?

Answer 34

Used government money to build roads, schools and bridges

Question 35

What did the TVA do?

Answer 35

Irrigate the dried out valley and provide electricity and jobs through the building of dams

Question 36

What did the NRA do?

Answer 36

Improved working conditions in industry and outlawed child labour. Set fair wages and sensible levels of production

Question 37

How long could you work with the CCC? (After this period, if you still could not find a job you could sign up again)

Answer 37

6 months

Question 38

What was the Second New Deal?

Answer 38

Roosevelt's response to people saying that the New Deal didn't do enough for the poor.

Question 39

What did the WPA stand for?

Answer 39

Works Progress Administration

Question 40

What did the WPA do?

Answer 40

Sponsored community art projects and construction projects

Question 41

Who was Huey Long?

Answer 41

The governor of Louisiana

Question 42

How did Huey Long get into power?

Answer 42

He used methods like bribery and threat

Question 43

What did Huey Long do after he got into power?

Answer 43

He clashed with the KKK, employed black people under the same conditions as white people, and built roads, schools and hospitals

Question 44

What was the scheme that Huey Long put forward?

Answer 44

Share Our Wealth

Question 45

What did Share Our Wealth do? (or was proposed to do?)

Answer 45

All personal fortunes would be reduced to 3 million, and maximum income would be 1 million per year. Anything else would be shared between everyone

Question 46

What else did Huey Long propose, apart from his scheme?

Answer 46

Pensions for people over 60 | free washing machines and radios

Question 47

Who was Father Coughlin?

Answer 47

A priest who used his radio programme to attack Roosevelt

Question 48

What was Father Coughlin's union?

Answer 48

National Union for Social Justice

Question 49

Who was the governor of Louisiana?

Answer 49

Huey Long

Question 50

When did the National Union for Social Justice lose power?

Answer 50

In the 1940s

Question 51

What did the National Union for Social Justice do?

Answer 51

fought for social equality and promoted populist ideologies

Question 52

What idea does populism spread?

Answer 52

It places the people against the "elite", who are seen as "corrupt and self-serving"

Question 53

Who was Dr Francis Townsend?

Answer 53

an American who founded the "Townsend plan"

Question 54

What was the Townsend plan?

Answer 54

A plan that would give everyone over 60 200 pounds per month, only if they were not a criminal.

Question 55

In the Townsend plan, how much time did the recipients have to spend the money?

Answer 55

30 days

Question 56

Who said that the New Deal wasn't doing enough?

Answer 56

Black Americans and poor rural farmers

Question 57

Why didn't the newspapers like the New Deal?

Answer 57

Because most were run by rich people, and the New Deal gave rights to the poor