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History Revision > French Revolution > Flashcards

French Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What does autocratic mean?

A

where a ruler has absolute power

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2
Q

What was the french political system like before the revolution?

A

Autocratic

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3
Q

What were the social causes of the French Revolution?

A

~ Long term ~
-The king and queen didn’t care/understand what the people were going through. They rarely left the palace
-From 1714, Louis was unpopular.
-In the 1700s there was a population increase.
~ Short term ~
-There were bad harvests in 1787 and 1788. A worker had to spend 75% of their income on bread.

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4
Q

What were the economical causes of the French Revolution?

A

~ Long term ~
-Food prices were going up and lots of people couldn’t feed themselves
-France had been at war with Britain and America and wars were expensieve. Prices were going up
~ Short term ~
-In 1787, Louis told the aristocrats that they had to pay a land tax and the aristocrats refused.
-The next year, in 1788, Louis told the first estate they had to pay him money.

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5
Q

What were the political causes of the French Revolution?

A

~ Short term ~

-In 1776, America signed the declaration of independance

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6
Q

How much land did the second estate own?

A

30%

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7
Q

Who were in the third estate?

A

Peasants, Sans-Culottes, Bourgeois

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8
Q

Why was it easier being in the second/first estate?

A

no salt tax, no tax, no forced labour

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9
Q

Who were the Sans-culottes?

A

A type of peasant

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10
Q

What does Sans-Culotte mean?

A

“Without trousers” in french

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11
Q

Who were the Bourgeois?

A

Rich members of the third estate. Not nobles- for instance, bankers, merchants, etc.

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12
Q

What percentage of the population were Bourgeois?

A

5%

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13
Q

What percentage of the population were peasants?

A

85%

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14
Q

What percentage of the population were Sans-culottes?

A

8%

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15
Q

Who was the leader at the time of the french revolution?

A

Louis the Sixteenth

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16
Q

Why was Louis an unpopular leader?

A

He took a long time to make decisions and spent a lot of money on expensieve palaces, clothes and goods when the peasants were starving.

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17
Q

What happened in 1776?

A

The declaration of independance was signed in amercia

18
Q

What was the declaration of independance?

A

It freed america from british rule, made the goverment have to listen to the people and abolished anything like estates

19
Q

When was the french revolution?

A

5 May 1789

20
Q

What happened in 1789?

A

The peasants started to storm the towns, taking the law into their own hands

21
Q

What was the estate general?

A

A group made up of people from the three estates, who could decide on new taxes

22
Q

What was the national assembly?

A

A group made up of the third estate and clergy, who demanded the King shared his power with them.

23
Q

Where did the national assembly meet?

A

A tennis court

24
Q

Where was the estate general held in the 1780s?

A

At the Palace of Versailles

25
Q

When was the Storming of the Bastille?

A

14th of July

26
Q

What was the Storming of the Bastille?

A

A mob of the third estate rushed into the Bastille and stole weapons and gunpowder.

27
Q

Where was the Bastille?

A

Paris

28
Q

When did Louis try to escape?

A

1791

29
Q

Where did Louis try to escape to?

A

Holland, in the Netherlands, where his wife’s brother ruled

30
Q

Why did Louis fail to escape?

A

Because one of the guards recognised his wife.

31
Q

Who was Louis’s wife?

A

Marie Antoinette

32
Q

What was Louis tried with?

A

Treason

33
Q

Why was Louis tried with treason?

A

Because it was believed he tried to escape France to invade it again

34
Q

What is treason?

A

A crime against your country

35
Q

How was Louis killed?

A

Beheaded with a guillotine

36
Q

What happened outside France after the revolution?

A

Other kings were scared that their countries would repeat what France had done, so they sent their armies to attack France- and failed

37
Q

What were the two main groups after the revolution?

A

the Radicals/Jacobins and the Conservatives

38
Q

What did the two main groups after the revolution want?

A

the radicals wanted fast change and the conservatives wanted slow change

39
Q

Who was the leader of the Jacobins?

A

Maximillian Robespierre.

40
Q

What did Maximillian Robespierre want?

A

He wanted equal rights and votes for everyone. He also helped abolished slavery and opposed the church

41
Q

Who led a revolt against the assembly after the revolution?

A

Maximillian Robespierre

42
Q

What was the Reign of Terror?

A

a period where Maximillian Robespierre killed anyone who disagreed with him

History Revision (28 decks)

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