last minute elizabeth Flashcards
what percentage of england’s ppl lived in rural areas
90
eng population 1500
2.7mil
liz’s sig experiences as a child
excecuted mother,
education+tutors->good communication with gov ministers
liz coronated in
jan 1559
when was the wyatt rebellion
1554
what provokes the wyatt rebellion
mary marrying philip
what did the wyatt rebellion lead to
liz arrested, held in tower for 2 months
scotland’s main ally
france
religion in france
catholicism
religion in netherlands
ruled by spanish hapsburgs
reformation had spread there
what was the royal court
located where liz is
run by lord chamberlain
progresses advantages
build relationship w ppl
seen by her subjects regularly
live in luxury at expense of others
nobility try to impress
air castles
why did liz do patronage
show favouritism
competition
her private apartments’ power was reduced bc it was staffed by women
corrupt but effective- jobs were sought after
what did the privy council do?
coordinate finances, courts, instruct local officials
met almost daily
role was to advise the queen (she didn’t always listen)
could issue proclamations in the queen’s name that had the effect of law
liz’s privy council
1/2 mary’s size
nobility replaced w politicians
cecil helped manage patronage
narrow membership encouraged rebellion
how often did parliament meet
every 4 yrs
robert dudley religion and relationship to queen
radical ambitious puritan
childhood friend+fave of liz, rumours of romance
robert dudley positions
member of court, responsible for liz’s safety
privy counciller in 1562
earl of leicester
francis walshingham religion and relation to liz
extreme protestant
use to liz bc language ability+foreign contacts, in charge of secret service, v loyal,
francis walsingham roles
charge of secret service, MP in 1558, ambassador in paris in 1570s
christopher hatton religion and relation to liz
moderate protestant, hated puritans
impressed liz w dancing was promoted
chris hatton roles
helped organise progresses
* control MPs
privy chamber
bodyguard captain
lord chancellor in 1587
william cecil religion and relation to liz
moderate protestant
liz relied heavily+trusted him
william cecil roles
secretary of state, chief minister, lord treasurer, lord burghley
essex rebellion date
1601
problems before essex rebellion
key allies died
uncertain future bc no heir
lack of money bc of the netherlands and armada campagin- cost 2mil
impact of ministers dying
reduction in effective gov, factional rivalries made governing hard
elizabeth not marrying meant ministers..
were hard to control
lack of money due to armada->
higher taxes and monopolies
reasons for essex rebellion
rivalry
loss of patronage
liz banished cecil
essex jealous
essex rebellion
he gathered supports, began to fortify mansion. rumours of treason. refused to appear 4 privy council, locked up council members who questioned him and marched 2 catch the queen.
how long did the essex rebellion last
12hrs
why did the essex rebellion fail
his supporters deserted him, when he returned his house was surrounded by liz’s forces
what did peter wentworth do
argued parliament should be able to discuss liz’s marriage, was sent to the tower.
who was the earl of essex
robert deveraux
who was the earl of leicester
robert dudley
liz’s possible husbands
philip 2
francis duke of alencon
achduke charles 2
leicester
essex
prince eric of sweden
advantages and disadvantages of marrying philip
trade ally vs france
royal, same class
mary’s widower
wanted to remain king
catholic and spanish
treated mary badly
pros and cons of francis duke of alencon
seemed to actually like each other
cecil was in favour of him
royal
ally vs spain
20 yrs younger
physically deformed
council said no
pros and cons of archduke charles 2
royal, rich, powerful
cecil liked
catholic
son of holy roman emperor
unwilling to live in england
pros and cons of prince eric of sweden
protestant, english pope liked him
dad didn’t agree to marriage
suffered with insanity
responsible for murder
poor
pros and cons of robert dudley earl of leicester
childhood friend
not royalty
a subject
not married, wife died
pros and cons of robert deveraux, earl of essex
protestant, fought spanish in netherlands
younger, not royalty, messed up his job lots
reasons for rise of the gentry
tudor suspicion of old nobility
dissolution of monasteries made more land available
increasing wealth
helped to fuel cultrual achievements
excluded from government
what was the renaissance
revival of european art and literature under the infleunce of classical models in the 14th-16th century
characteristics of nobility
most respected of society
average income £6000 a year
born into
influence was queen’s to give/take
gentry characteristics
lived on rents of their tenants
income varied between £10 and £200
given titles of knight/esquire
many served in parliament
gentry role in renaissance development
had disposable income
wanted to conspicuously to impress others
meant artists did well as they were in demand
new developments in golden age
new extravagant country houses
printing press
sumptuary laws
strictly controlled laws people were allowed to wear depending on social rank
london’s important in golden age
centre of tourism and gov
port
theatre patronage
gov saw potential for propaganda
encouraged social stability
companies won funding
cult of gloriana
cult of personality created around liz through visual / literary propagANDA
how was the cult of gloriana promoted
liz’s courtiers ordered pictures to be painted to flatter her
jewels and portraits made clever use of symbols
reasons for portraits of liz
legacy
manufacturing image
reach her subjects
promote religion
show her as strong to avoid invasion
illiterate could understand
how did closing of the monasteries lead to poverty
monks and nuns cared for the sick
now the evicted poor had nowhere to go
idle poor disliked by townspeople bc
life seen as sinful particularly by puritans, thought they were lazy and dishonest
