the family

Question 1

family

Answer 1

group that involves at least one adult related to the child by birth, marriage, adoption, or foster, responsible for providing basic necessities, love, support, safety, stability, and opportunities for learning

Question 2

family structure

Answer 2

number of and the relationships among people living in a household

Question 3

recent changes in family structure

Answer 3

• more children live w single/unmarried parents
• first time parents are older than in the past
• more children live with grandparents
• families are smaller/more fluid

Question 4

same sex parents

Answer 4

• unique challenges, growing number of samples
• no real difference between development with heterosexual parents

Question 5

divorced parents

Answer 5

• changes to residence, parenting styles, and routine
• children tend to live with mother over father
• may also present positive changes, if situation was worse than before, combined income, etc.

Question 6

stepparents

Answer 6

• differences in interactions between step mothers and fathers
• both positive and negative benefits

Question 7

family dynamics

Answer 7

how families interact through various relationships between mother, father, children, etc.

Question 8

socialization

Answer 8

process in which children acquire values, standards, skills, and knowledge, behaviors that are regarded as appropriate for present and future roles

Question 9

discipline

Answer 9

set of strategies and behaviors parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately

Question 10

internalization

Answer 10

process by which children learn/accept the reasons for desired behavior

Question 11

punishment

Answer 11

negative stimulus that follows behavior to reduce the likelihood that the behavior will occur again

Question 12

parenting style

Answer 12

parenting behaviors and attitudes that set the emotional climate of parent-child interactions

Question 13

Diana Baurmrid’s parenting styles

Answer 13

authoritarian - cold/responsive
authoritative - warm/responsive
permissive - warm/unresponsive
uninvolved - cold/unresponsive

Question 14

bidirectionality

Answer 14

parents and children mutually affect the environment through one another’s characteristics and behaviors

Question 15

sibling relationships

Answer 15

• unique, like both peer and parents relationships
• cultural differences
• benefits and drawbacks to sibling conflict

Question 16

child maltreatment

Answer 16

action of failure to act on the part of caretaker that results in physical or emotional harm or risk of harm

Question 17

types of maltreatment

Answer 17

neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse

Question 18

polyvictimization

Answer 18

co-occurance of multiple forms of maltreatment at once

Question 19

risks for maltreatment

Answer 19

• parents lack of knowledge
• low income
• social isolation
• parents experiences in childhood

Question 20

consequences of maltreatment

Answer 20

• immediate pain, injury, hunger, etc.
• cognitive delays, attachment issues, mental illness

Question 21

family socioeconomic context

Answer 21

• cultural context
• economic context, cost of raising, healthcare
• parents work conflicts, paid leave

Question 22

childcare contexts

Answer 22

certain standards, but they are not always met
extremely expensive!