the Fall of the Girondins and the Federalist Revolt

Question 1

reasons for the Fall of girondins

Answer 1

• SCs became increasingly militant and repeated calls for price controls but NC blocked this, disturbances in Paris in Feb and early March encouraged by Enrages
• Marat penned virulent articles in his L’Ami du Peuple blaming the Girondins for France’s issues. series of attacks on the Gironidns printing press on 9-10 March
• 12 April- Grondin produced an indictment for Marat’s arrest on the grounds of inciting murder, pillages and attacking convention. Marat was tried before the Rev Tribunal but acquitted 12 days later.

Question 2

what happened prior?

Answer 2

• 3 May, 8000 SCs surrounded the NC demanding price controls on bread, enabling Robespierre to win a vote to establish the 1st price controls on wheat and flour.
• Girondins opposed arguing that food supplies would soon increase and prices would fall but no one listened, emphasizing the alliance between the Jacobins and SCs.
• 26 May, at Jacobin Club, Robespierre called for rising against corrupt deputies in the NC

Question 3

what happened

Answer 3

• 31st-2nd, thousands of SCs and armed NG besieged the NC demanding G be expelled
• some of the moderates of the Plain tried to resist such unconstitutional pressure
• 2nd June- 80,000-100,000 assembled around the NC and had to give in. 29 Girindin deputies were to be expelled from the NC and placed under house arrest

Question 4

how did this affect the Jacobins

Answer 4

• Jacobins had won and could dominate the NC but at the risk of submitting to the power of the SCs and armed force

Question 5

why did the federalist Revolt?

Answer 5

• expulsion of the Girondins
• 29 May- Jacobin leaders in Lyon, Caen, Marseilles and Toulon were forced out of office. this was followed by similar expulsions in Avignon, Bordeaux, Caen, Marseilles and Toulon. 60/83

Question 6

what happened

Answer 6

• some were not a revolutionary
• reaction to the strong control of the Jacobins in Paris and appeared to pose a significant threat to the Jacobins
• coupled with the rebellion in the Vendee, the Federalist Revolt seemed to pose a threat
• Toulon went further and appealed for help from the Anglo-Spanish fleet and proclaimed Louis as King
• A revolutionary army was swiftly sent to lay siege to the city. Toulon was taken in Dec, thanks to Napolean
• Other rising were successfully crushed between July and October and rep-on-mission was sent to force the cities back to line

Question 7

what was the jacobin constitution

Answer 7

• 24 June- new Constitution linked to new version of Dec of Rights drawn up on 11 June.
• established an Executive Council subservient to the Assembly
• endorsed by a national plebiscite in 1794 with 2m in favour but it couldn’t be passed because of the war
• it decreed all men had the right to vote, state intervention, and aggressively egalitarian constitution