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Medical Terminology > The Ear > Flashcards

The Ear Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acous/o, audi/o

A

Hearing

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2
Q

Aer/o

A

Air or gas

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3
Q

Aur/i, ot/o

A

Ear

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4
Q

Cerumin/o

A

Wax

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5
Q

Salping/o

A

Eustachian tube or uterine tube

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6
Q

Tympan/o, myring/o

A

Eardrum

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7
Q

-acusis

A

Hearing condition

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8
Q

External ear

A

Outer structures of the ear that collect sound

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9
Q

Pinna

A

Auricle (little ear); projected part of the external ear

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10
Q

External auditory meatus or canal

A

External passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the tympanum

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11
Q

Cerumen

A

A waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal

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12
Q

Middle ear

A

Structures in the middle of the ear that vibrate sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear

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13
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Eardrum; drum-like structure that receives sound collected in the external auditory canal and amplifies it through the middle ear

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14
Q

Malleus

A

Hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

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15
Q

Incus

A

Anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

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16
Q

Stapes

A

Stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

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17
Q

Eustachian tube, auditory tube

A

Tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx (throat)

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18
Q

Oval window

A

Membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner esr

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19
Q

Inner ear

A

Intricate, fluid filled, intercommunicating bony and membranous passages that function in hearing by relaying sound waves to auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation; also sense body movement and position to maintain balance and equilibrium

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20
Q

Cochlea

A

Coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti

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21
Q

Perilymph

A

Fluid that fills the body labyrinth of the inner ear

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22
Q

Endolymph

A

Fluid within within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

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23
Q

Organ of Corti

A

Structure located in the cochlea; contains receptors (hair cells) that receive vibrations and generate nerve impulses for hearing

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24
Q

Vestibule

A

Middle part of the inner ear, in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, that contains the utricle and the saccule; functions to provide body balance and equilibrium

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25
Q

Utricle

A

The larger of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear

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26
Q

Saccule

A

The smaller of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear

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27
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement

28
Q

Otalgia, otodynia

A

Earache

29
Q

Otorrhagia

A

Bleeding from the ear

30
Q

Otorrhea

A

Purulent drainage from the ear

31
Q

Tinnitus

A

A jingling; a ringing or buzzing in the ear

32
Q

Vertigo

A

A turning round; dizziness

33
Q

Otitis external

A

Inflammation of the external auditory meatus

34
Q

Cerumen impaction

A

Excessive buildup of wax in the ear that often reduces hearing activity, especially in elderly persons

35
Q

Myringitis, tympanitis

A

Inflammation of the eardrum

36
Q

Otitis media

A

Inflammation of the middle ear

37
Q

Aerotitis media

A

Inflammation of the middle ear for changes in atmospheric pressure; often occurs with frequent air travel

38
Q

Eustachian obstruction

A

Blockage of the Eustachian tube, usually as a result of infection, as in otitis media

39
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Hardening of the bony tissue in the ear

40
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Benign tumor on the auditory nerve (8th cranial nerve) that causes vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss

41
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

Inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear)

42
Q

Meniere disease

A

Disorder of the inner ear resulting from an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid, causing episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss; one or both ears can be affected, and attacks vary in both frequency and intensity

43
Q

Deafness

A

General term for partial or complete loss of hearinf

44
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Hearing impairment caused by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal, middle ear, or ossicles

45
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Hearing impairment caused by lesions or dysfunction of the cochlea or auditory nerve

46
Q

Mixed hearing loss

A

Combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss

47
Q

Presbyacusis, presbycusis

A

Hearing impairment in old abe

48
Q

Audiometry

A

Process of measuring hearing

49
Q

Audiometer

A

Instrument to measure hearing

50
Q

Audiogram

A

Record of hearing measurement

51
Q

Audiologist

A

Health professional who specializes in the study of hearing impairments

52
Q

Auditory acuity testing

A

Physical assessment of hearing; useful in differentiating between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss

53
Q

Tuning fork

A

A two pronged fork like instrument that vibrates when struck; used to test hearing, especially bone conduction

54
Q

Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)

A

Electrodiagnostic testing that used computerized equipment to measure involuntary responses to sound within the auditory nervous system; commonly used to assess hearing in newborns

55
Q

Otoscopy

A

Use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane

56
Q

Pneumatic otoscopy

A

Otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane as air is released into the external auditory meatus; immobility indicates the presence of middle ear effusion (fluid buildup), as occurs as a result of otitis media

57
Q

Tympanometry

A

Measurement of the compliance and mobility (conductibility) of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the response to external airflow pressures

58
Q

Microsurgery

A

Surgery with the use of a microscope used in delicate tissue, such as the ear

59
Q

Myringotomy, tympanostomy

A

Incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small polyethylene tube to keep the canal open and prevent fluid buildup, such as occurs in otitis media

60
Q

Otoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the external ear

61
Q

Stapedectomy

A

Excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis

62
Q

Tympanoplasty

A

Vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction

63
Q

Auditory prosthesis

A

Any internal or external device that improves or substitutes for natural hearing

64
Q

Hearing aid

A

An external amplifying device designed to improve hearing by more effective collection of sound into the ear

65
Q

Cochlear implant

A

An electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to pts with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss in both ears

66
Q

Ear lavage

A

Irrigation of the external ear canal, often to remove excessive buildup of the cerumen

67
Q

Ear instillation

A

Introduction of a medicated solution i to the external canal, usually administered by gt or gtt in the affected ears

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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