the Cytoskeleton Flashcards

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1
Q

endomembrane system

A

endoplasmic reticulum (closest to nucleus), golgi apparatus, vesicles

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2
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

inside (lumen) has protein enzymes for synthesis of membrane lipids, steroids, carbs, etc; plays a role in muscle contractions

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3
Q

rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

proteins made by ribosomes on outside are inserted into the lumen; has ribosomes

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4
Q

secretion signal sequence

A

on N terminal of protein; binds to SRP, receptor, and channel in ER

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5
Q

SRP

A

mediate movement of proteins through ER

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6
Q

signal anchor sequence

A

left in the membrane of the cell rather than cut off in transmembrane proteins

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7
Q

trafficking

A

moving of proteins, mRNA, vesicles, etc through the cell

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8
Q

transport vesicles

A

transport proteins, mRNA, ions, etc through cell

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9
Q

secretory vesicles

A

form from the trans golgi network and release contents to cells exterior through exocytosis

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10
Q

golgi apparatus

A

stack of flattened membrane bound discs or layers and molecules are moved from innermost (cis) layer to outermost (trans) layer

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11
Q

glycosylation

A

covalently linking proteins to other molecules like carbs in the golgi

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12
Q

lysosome

A

has digestive enzymes, kept acidic with protein pump, membrane has transport proteins to export digested molecules to cytoplasm

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13
Q

cytoskeleton

A

the structure of the cell including microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, coat proteins, etc

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14
Q

intermediate filament

A

intermediate diameter, for structure

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15
Q

microtubules

A

thickest diameter, big hollow tubes, used in the mitotic spindle

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16
Q

motor proteins

A

allow things to move across cytoskeleton

17
Q

dynein

A

motor protein for microtubules which allows the sliding of them past each other

18
Q

kinesin

A

motor protein for microtubules towards the + end

19
Q

9+2

A

9 pairs of cilia and flagella in ring plus 2 central pairs

20
Q

microfilament

A

thinnest diameter, made of actin, shortened/lengthened through actin removal and help with cell division and muscle contraction

21
Q

myosin

A

motor protein for microfilaments