DNA and Replication

Question 1

X-ray crystallography

Answer 1

makes solid DNA crystal, shines x-ray, and the scatter pattern gives structural information

Question 2

double helix

Answer 2

covalently linked nucleotides with sugar phosphate backbone on either side, hydrogen bonds between A+T and C+G

Question 3

phosphodiester bond

Answer 3

bond between two nucleotides

Question 4

antiparallel

Answer 4

the two DNA strands in the helix run in opposite directions (one has 5’ on top and 3’ on bottom while other has opposite)

Question 5

5’ and 3’ ends

Answer 5

depends on where the HO is off of (3 or 5 carbon)

Question 6

semi-conservative

Answer 6

build new DNA by conserving one old template strand building one completely new strand

Question 7

DNA replication

Answer 7

DNA used to make identical DNA

Question 8

DNA transcription

Answer 8

DNA used to make RNA

Question 9

RNA translation

Answer 9

messenger RNA used to make proteins at the ribosomes

Question 10

DNA polymerase

Answer 10

matches complementary nucleotides to template which builds new strand (energy comes from breaking the two phosphates off dNTP)