Circulation Flashcards

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1
Q

structure of veins

A

less smooth muscle, have an elastic layer, wrapped in epithelial tissue and have lumens, have valves so blood does not pool, low pressure, high volume

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2
Q

structure of arteries

A

more smooth muscle, have an elastic layer, wrapped in epithelial tissue and have lumens, high pressure, low volume

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3
Q

which direction do veins go

A

towards the heart

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4
Q

which direction do arteries go

A

away from the heart

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5
Q

what are the main components affecting resistance to blood flow?

A

distance traveled, vessel radius

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6
Q

capillary

A

largest component of circulatory system, lowest velocity, very small diameter and far from heart

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7
Q

blood pressure vs osmotic pressure

A

in arterial ends of capillaries net overall force pressuring things out (larger blood pressure), in venus end net pressure to take things in (blood pressure decreased)

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8
Q

blood pathway

A

inferior and superior vena cava –> right atrium –> right AV valve –> right ventricle (to pulmonary circuit) –> pulmonary valve –> right and left pulmonary arteries –> capillaries –> right and left pulmonary veins –> left atrium –> left AV valve –> left ventricle –> aortic valve –> aorta –> arteries, arterioles, capillaries

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9
Q

inferior and superior vena cava

A

brings deoxygenated blood to the right atrium

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10
Q

right atrium

A

pumps deoxygenated blood to the right ventricle, much less muscle than ventricle

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11
Q

right ventricle

A

pumps blood to pulmonary circuit, less muscle than left ventricle

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12
Q

right and left pulmonary artery

A

takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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13
Q

right and left pulmonary veins

A

brings oxygenated blood to to the left atrium

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14
Q

left atrium

A

pumps oxygenated blood to the left ventricle

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15
Q

left ventricle

A

pumps blood to the systemic circuit, more muscle

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16
Q

aortic valve

A

one way, things can only leave not return, pumps to the aorta

17
Q

aorta

A

biggest artery, channels blood to the whole body

18
Q

systole

A

contracting ventricles

19
Q

diastole

A

contracting atria

20
Q

SA node

A

pacemaker, spreads action potential through both atria

21
Q

AV node

A

spreads action potential to the modified muscle fibers (purkinje fibers)

22
Q

modified muscle fibers

A

spread action potential to both ventricles causing them to contract

23
Q

electrocardiogram (EKG)

A

first shows when SA node is activated and atria contract, the when AV node is activated, then when ventricles contract, and then the reset