Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Flashcards
checkpoint
can block progression through cell cycle if not met
cyclin
made constantly when out of mitosis but when the cell enters mitosis it disappears; when a threshold for enough cyclin is reached mitosis begins
cyclin dependent kinase
binds to cyclin to create active MPF which is necessary for mitosis
transformation
specialized channels take DNA from outside which then gets incorporated into chromosomes
pili
long extensions of membrane in bacteria
plasmid
parts of chromosomes passed on during transformation
homologous chromosomes
not identical, each is inherited during fertilization from a different haploid gamete; have same genes in same regions but can have dif alleles
haploid (1n)
cells only have one of each homolog
diploid (2n)
cells have pairs of homologous chromosomes
gamete
haploid cells that are passed on (egg, sperm)
zygote
haploid cells after fertilization (now diploid)