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Body Systems > The Circulatory System > Flashcards

The Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the function of the circulatory system?

A

The delivery and transport of:

  • oxygen
  • carbon dioxide
  • nutrients
  • metabolic waste
  • cells of the immune system (WBCs)
  • hormones
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2
Q

What are the 2 types of circulatory systems?

A

Blood and Specialised

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3
Q

What 3 types of Blood system are there?

A

systemic
pulmonary
coronary

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4
Q

What are the 2 types of specialised system?

A

foetal and portal

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5
Q

What other system works with circulation?

A

lymphatic

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6
Q

How are arteries and veins distributed?

A

generally identically- symmetrical left and right

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7
Q

Do corresponding arteries and veins often follow the same path?

A

yes

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8
Q

What determines a vessel’s name?

A

where in the body it is

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9
Q

What’s Anastomoses?

A

Tissues and organs being serviced by several arteries and veins

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10
Q

Is the systemic blood circulation a low or high pressure system?

A

High- particularly on arterial side

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11
Q

What, generally does systemic blood circulation do? (2)

A
  • takes oxygenated blood from the left of the heart to the body tissues
  • Returns blood with low oxygen levels from body tissues to the right side of the heart
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12
Q

What’s the axillary fossa?

A

Arm pit

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13
Q

What’s the cephalic?

A

the head

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14
Q

what’s the jugular?

A

neck

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15
Q

what’s the brachium?

A

the arm

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16
Q

what’s the popliteal fossa?

A

back of the knee

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17
Q

What’s the clavicle?

A

collar bone

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18
Q

what’s the ilium?

A

part of the hip bone

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19
Q

what’s the radius?

A

The lateral bone of the forearm

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20
Q

What’s the ulna?

A

the medial bone of the forearm

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21
Q

what’s the femur?

A

the thighbone

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22
Q

what’s the tibia?

A

the medial bone of the lower leg

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23
Q

Where are the common carotid arteries found?

A

either side of the neck (L and R)

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24
Q

Where’s the brachiocephalic trunk found?

A

the right neck

25
Q

where are the subclavian arteries foud?

A

just below the clavicles on either side

26
Q

where’s the axillary artery found?

A

the armpit

27
Q

where’s the brachial artery found?

A

the arm

28
Q

where’s the radial artery found?

A

along the radial bone (arm)

29
Q

where’s the ulna artery found?

A

along the ulna bone (arm)

30
Q

where are the iliac arteries found?

A

the pelvis

31
Q

where’s the femoral artery found?

A

along the femur (thigh)

32
Q

where’s the popliteal artery found?

A

back of the knee`

33
Q

Where’s the anterio tibial artery found?

A

the front of the tibia bone

34
Q

Where’s the abdominal aorta artery found?

A

the central abdomen splitting off at the lower abdomen

35
Q

where’s the descending thoracic aorta artery found?

A

the thorax

36
Q

where’s the aortic arch artery located?

A

ascending and looping round from the heart

37
Q

where’s the internal jugular vein found?

A

jugular/neck

38
Q

where are the brachiocephalic veins found?

A

the neck

39
Q

where’s the superior vena cava found?

A

coming out of the right heart at the top and travelling upwards

40
Q

where’s the inferior vena cava found?

A

coming out the right heart and travelling downwards

41
Q

where are the superficial veins found?

A

all over the body, close to the skin surface

42
Q

where’s the anterior tibial vein found?

A

lower leg

43
Q

where’s the popliteal vein found?

A

back of the knee

44
Q

where;s the femoral vein found?

A

thigh (femur)

45
Q

where are the iliac veins found?

A

pelvis

46
Q

where’s the radial and ulna veins found?

A

forearm

47
Q

what’s the application of knowing where blood vessels are?

A

can take pulse

48
Q

is the pulmonary circulation high or low pressure?

A

low

49
Q

what does the pulmonary circulation do?

A

takes oxygen-poor blood form the right side of the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
takes oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart via the pulmonary vein

50
Q

draw a flow diagram showing portal circulation

A

artery –> capillary bed –> portal –> capillary bed –> vein

51
Q

what happens in portal circulation?

A

blood draining from one capillary bed passes through a vein (portal) then through a second vapillary bed before returning to the heart via another vein

52
Q

give an example of a portal system

A

In the pituitary gland, the hyposeal portal system is between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland

53
Q

what’s different about foetal circulation?

A

the lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract aren’t developed in the foetus so these systems are bypassed as substances are delivered by the mother

54
Q

what does the lymphatic circulation consist of? (3)

A

A network of lymph vessles
lymph
lymphatic tissues and organs

55
Q

what’s the function of the lymphatic circulation? (2)

A

involved in the body’s defense (immune system)

provides a mechanism for the drainage of interstitial fluid (fluid between tissues)

56
Q

How does the lymphatic system remove excess interstitiasl fluid?

A

fluid moves out of the capillaries, some is returned back into the capillaries, however 15% is left behind and enters the lymphatic capillaries which returns it to the blood

57
Q

What’s happening in edema?

A

fluid isn’t moving back into the capillary

58
Q

draw a flow chart of lymphatic drainage route

A

lymph capillaries –> lymph vessels –lymph nodes–> lymph trunks –> thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct

59
Q

What do lymph nodes do?

A

recognise foreign bodies e.g. pathogen in lymph flowing through it, trap, destroy and initiates immune response

Body Systems (15 decks)

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