The Circulatory System

Question 1

What’s the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

The delivery and transport of:

• oxygen
• carbon dioxide
• nutrients
• metabolic waste
• cells of the immune system (WBCs)
• hormones

Question 2

What are the 2 types of circulatory systems?

Answer 2

Blood and Specialised

Question 3

What 3 types of Blood system are there?

Answer 3

systemic
pulmonary
coronary

Question 4

What are the 2 types of specialised system?

Answer 4

foetal and portal

Question 5

What other system works with circulation?

Answer 5

lymphatic

Question 6

How are arteries and veins distributed?

Answer 6

generally identically- symmetrical left and right

Question 7

Do corresponding arteries and veins often follow the same path?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

What determines a vessel’s name?

Answer 8

where in the body it is

Question 9

What’s Anastomoses?

Answer 9

Tissues and organs being serviced by several arteries and veins

Question 10

Is the systemic blood circulation a low or high pressure system?

Answer 10

High- particularly on arterial side

Question 11

What, generally does systemic blood circulation do? (2)

Answer 11

• takes oxygenated blood from the left of the heart to the body tissues
• Returns blood with low oxygen levels from body tissues to the right side of the heart

Question 12

What’s the axillary fossa?

Answer 12

Arm pit

Question 13

What’s the cephalic?

Answer 13

the head

Question 14

what’s the jugular?

Answer 14

neck

Question 15

what’s the brachium?

Answer 15

the arm

Question 16

what’s the popliteal fossa?

Answer 16

back of the knee

Question 17

What’s the clavicle?

Answer 17

collar bone

Question 18

what’s the ilium?

Answer 18

part of the hip bone

Question 19

what’s the radius?

Answer 19

The lateral bone of the forearm

Question 20

What’s the ulna?

Answer 20

the medial bone of the forearm

Question 21

what’s the femur?

Answer 21

the thighbone

Question 22

what’s the tibia?

Answer 22

the medial bone of the lower leg

Question 23

Where are the common carotid arteries found?

Answer 23

either side of the neck (L and R)

Question 24

Where’s the brachiocephalic trunk found?

Answer 24

the right neck

Question 25

where are the subclavian arteries foud?

Answer 25

just below the clavicles on either side

Question 26

where's the axillary artery found?

Answer 26

the armpit

Question 27

where's the brachial artery found?

Answer 27

the arm

Question 28

where's the radial artery found?

Answer 28

along the radial bone (arm)

Question 29

where's the ulna artery found?

Answer 29

along the ulna bone (arm)

Question 30

where are the iliac arteries found?

Answer 30

the pelvis

Question 31

where's the femoral artery found?

Answer 31

along the femur (thigh)

Question 32

where's the popliteal artery found?

Answer 32

back of the knee`

Question 33

Where's the anterio tibial artery found?

Answer 33

the front of the tibia bone

Question 34

Where's the abdominal aorta artery found?

Answer 34

the central abdomen splitting off at the lower abdomen

Question 35

where's the descending thoracic aorta artery found?

Answer 35

the thorax

Question 36

where's the aortic arch artery located?

Answer 36

ascending and looping round from the heart

Question 37

where's the internal jugular vein found?

Answer 37

jugular/neck

Question 38

where are the brachiocephalic veins found?

Answer 38

the neck

Question 39

where's the superior vena cava found?

Answer 39

coming out of the right heart at the top and travelling upwards

Question 40

where's the inferior vena cava found?

Answer 40

coming out the right heart and travelling downwards

Question 41

where are the superficial veins found?

Answer 41

all over the body, close to the skin surface

Question 42

where's the anterior tibial vein found?

Answer 42

lower leg

Question 43

where's the popliteal vein found?

Answer 43

back of the knee

Question 44

where;s the femoral vein found?

Answer 44

thigh (femur)

Question 45

where are the iliac veins found?

Answer 45

pelvis

Question 46

where's the radial and ulna veins found?

Answer 46

forearm

Question 47

what's the application of knowing where blood vessels are?

Answer 47

can take pulse

Question 48

is the pulmonary circulation high or low pressure?

Answer 48

low

Question 49

what does the pulmonary circulation do?

Answer 49

takes oxygen-poor blood form the right side of the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery takes oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart via the pulmonary vein

Question 50

draw a flow diagram showing portal circulation

Answer 50

artery --> capillary bed --> portal --> capillary bed --> vein

Question 51

what happens in portal circulation?

Answer 51

blood draining from one capillary bed passes through a vein (portal) then through a second vapillary bed before returning to the heart via another vein

Question 52

give an example of a portal system

Answer 52

In the pituitary gland, the hyposeal portal system is between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland

Question 53

what's different about foetal circulation?

Answer 53

the lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract aren't developed in the foetus so these systems are bypassed as substances are delivered by the mother

Question 54

what does the lymphatic circulation consist of? (3)

Answer 54

A network of lymph vessles lymph lymphatic tissues and organs

Question 55

what's the function of the lymphatic circulation? (2)

Answer 55

involved in the body's defense (immune system) | provides a mechanism for the drainage of interstitial fluid (fluid between tissues)

Question 56

How does the lymphatic system remove excess interstitiasl fluid?

Answer 56

fluid moves out of the capillaries, some is returned back into the capillaries, however 15% is left behind and enters the lymphatic capillaries which returns it to the blood

Question 57

What's happening in edema?

Answer 57

fluid isn't moving back into the capillary

Question 58

draw a flow chart of lymphatic drainage route

Answer 58

lymph capillaries --> lymph vessels --lymph nodes--> lymph trunks --> thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct

Question 59

What do lymph nodes do?

Answer 59

recognise foreign bodies e.g. pathogen in lymph flowing through it, trap, destroy and initiates immune response