Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Systems > Anatomy of the lungs and chest wall > Flashcards

Anatomy of the lungs and chest wall Flashcards

1
Q

how many lungs do we have?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where are the lungs located?

A

the thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what separates the lungs?

A

mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where do the lungs extend from and to?

A

neck to diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the diaphragm separate?

A

thoracic and abdominal cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what shape are lungs?

A

conical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what sort of texture do lungs have?

A

soft and spongy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does each lung have?

A

apex

3 surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where’s the lung’s apex found?

A

above the clavical (collarbone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 surfaces of the lung?

A

diaphragmatic (base)
costal
mediastinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what’s the diaphragmatic surface of the lung?

A

the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what’s the costal surface of the lung in contact with?

A

the ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what’s the mediastinal surface of the lung in contact with?

A

mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is the shape of the right lung different to that of the left?

A

wider and shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 3 lobes of the right lung?

A

superior, middle, inferor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what separates the superior and middle lobes of the lungs?

A

horizontal fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what separates the middle and inferior lobes of the lungs?

A

oblique fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how is the left lung different to the right lung?

A

it’s narrower and shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many lobes in the left lung?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the 2 lobes of the left lung?

A

superior and inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what separates the superior and inferior lobes of the lungs?

A

oblique fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does Hilum mean?

A

highway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what surface is the hilum of the lung found?

A

mediastinal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the Hilum?

A

area where blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and bronchi enter the lungs

26
Q

what does the hole where the bronchi enter the lungs feel like?

A

hard

27
Q

what is meant by the compliance/distensibility of the lungs?

A

the ability for the lungs to expand

28
Q

what is lung compliance affected by? (3)

A

connective tissue structure of the lungs
level of surfactant
mobility of the thoracic cage

29
Q

what does the elastic tissue/elasticity of the lung allow?

A

lung expansion during inspiration and recoil during expiration

30
Q

what’s the pleura?

A

double layered serous membrane

31
Q

what are the 2 layers to the pleura?

A

visceral and parietal

32
Q

where’s the visceral pleura found?

A

attached to the lung- can’t be removed from the lungs

33
Q

where’s the parietal pleura found?

A

attached to the thoracic wall and diaphragm

34
Q

what’s the parietal cavity?

A

space between visceral and parietal pleura containing a thin layer of serous fluid

35
Q

what are the 3 functions of the pleura?

A
  • reduces friction when breathing- pleural fluid
  • creates a pressure gradient which assists in ventilation
  • compartmentalises each lung therefore reduces spread of infection
36
Q

what does the bony thorax form?

A

skeleton of chest wall

37
Q

what does the bony thorax consist of- generally?

A

12 pairs of ribs
12 thoracic vertebrae
sternum

38
Q

what types of rib are found, how many and what are they?

A

7 pairs of true- attached to sternum by costal cartilage
3 pairs are false - attach to costal cartilage above
2 pairs are floating- no costal cartilage, not attached to sternum

39
Q

where the thoracic vertebrae found?

A

the back

40
Q

where is the sternum found?

A

front

41
Q

by what more common name is the sternum known?

A

breast bone

42
Q

what does the sternum consist of?

A
  • manubrium
  • body
  • xiphisternum
43
Q

what direction to ribs slope?

A

forward and downwards

44
Q

what is a rib made up of?

A

head
tubercle
shaft

45
Q

how are ribs attached to the thoracic vertebrae?

A

by their head and tubercle

46
Q

which ribs are attached by costal cartilage to the sternum?

A

1-10

47
Q

what are intercostal muscles?

A

muscles which span intercostal spaces- between ribs

48
Q

what are the 3 intercostal muscles?

A
  • external
  • internal
  • innermost
49
Q

which direction to the fibres of external intercostal muscles run?

A

supero-lateral to inferior- medial–> down to middle

50
Q

what direction to the fibres of internal intercostal muscles run?

A

infero-lateral to supero- medial –> up to middle

51
Q

where do intercostal vessels and nerves flow?

A

through intercostal space

52
Q

which areas do intercostal vessels and nerves supply?

A

muscles, pleura and skin

53
Q

what shape is the diaphragm?

A

dome shaped

54
Q

what sort of tissue is the diaphragm?

A

skeletal muscle

55
Q

what’s the diaphragm attached to? (4)

A

Xiphisternum
costal margin
11th-12th ribs
lumbar vertebrae

56
Q

what innervates the diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerve

57
Q

what’s the most important muscle of ventilation?

A

diaphragm

58
Q

what other muscles act on the thoracic wall? (3)

A

pectoral
sternocleidomastoid
scalenes

59
Q

what do pectoral muscles do?

A

attached to bony thorax

contract to bring chest up and out and expand during inspiration

60
Q

what does the sternocleidomastoid muscle do?

A

pulls up the thorax

61
Q

what do scalene muscles do?

A

attach to ribs to aid the up and out rib movement

Body Systems (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions