The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Primary Function of the Heart
receives blood from the veins and pumps blood into the arteries
primary functions of the blood vessels
transport blood to and from all areas of the body
primary functions of the arteries
transport blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
primary function of the capillaries
permit the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the cells
veins
return blood from all body parts to the heart
blood
brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste
the cardiovascular systems consists of _________, _________ and __________________.
heart, blood vessels and blood
heart
a hollow, muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs.
apex
lower tip of the heart
pericardium
aka pericardial sav, the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
walls of the heart are made of these three layers:
epicardium, myocardium and endocardium
epicardium
the external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium
myocardium
the middle and thickest of the heart’s three layers.
-consists of specialized cardiac muscle, capable of the constant contraction and relaxation that created the pumping movement necessary to maintain the flow of blood throughout the body.
endocardium
consists of epithelial tissue, is the inner lining of the heart.
this is the surface that comes into direct contact with the blood as it is being pumped through the heart
coronary arteries
supply oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium
the heart is divided into 4 chambers:
two chambers of the atria, and the two lower chambers of the heart
atria
the receiving chambers
tricuspid valve
controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery- this valve is shaped like a half moon
mitral valve
located between the left ventricle and the left atrium
valves of the heart(4)
pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic semilunar valve
pulmonary circulation
the flow of blood only between the heart and lungs
pulmonary arteries
carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lings; only place in the body where deoxygenated blood is carried by arteries instead of veins
pulmonary veins
carry the oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart
-only place in the body where veins carry oxygenated blood