The Age of Mass Politics Flashcards
kulturkamph
struggle for civilization; Bismarck tried to limit Catholic Center Party; marriage had to be civil ceremonies; expelled Jesuits; too popular to be driven underground; failed to be suppressed
led Independent Labor Party
Hardie
Social Democratic Party
Marxists want to reform Germany; Bismarck makes many reforms to lessen their threat
created National Assembly and was chief executive; defeated commune and led France to recovery
Theirs
lay siege to Paris; refused to recognize authority of National Assembly; March to May 1871 fought bloody struggle with troops of the NA; Theirs defeats commune and led France to recovery
Paris Commune
Mirs
communes where Russian peasants live; highly regulated and prevent modernization
Disraeli
hconservative; imperialist; had aggressive foregone policy, expansion of empire, supported democratic reform reluctantly; wrote Sybil expressing pity for working class; part of conservative party
“Autocracy, Orthodoxy, Russification”
Alexander III’s program while on power; czar is supreme, church is supreme, becoming Russian in culture fully
wrote Evolutionary Socialism; most prominent of the socialist revisionists
Bernstein
Wilhem II
forced Bismarck to resign
forced Bismarck to resign
Wilhem II
both wanted piece of land; Japan won; huge humiliation for Russia
Russo-Japanese War
idea all slavs would be unified under one government, Russia
Pan-Slavism
hostile group if intellectuals who believed they should take over society
Intellegensia
Gregorii Rasputin
mystic who dominates czars court in last days of empire; caused people to doubt the czar
oversaw Russian industrialization; aggressively courted western capital and advanced technology; rise if small middle class; built state owned railroads; put Russia on gold standard
Witte
most important of liberal figures; supported Irish home rule, fiscal policy, free trade & opposed liberalism; abolished compulsory tax to the Church of England
Gladstone
Jingiosm
nationalistic spirit in Britain; comes from poem
had ultimate power of Prussia; delegated it to Bismarck
Kaiser Wilhem I
Jaures
gained seats in chamber of deputies from 1905 to 1914; leader of socialist party
Russo-Japanese War
both wanted piece of land; Japan won; huge humiliation for Russia
Ulster
Protestant counties in Northern Ireland that were opposed to Home Rule
Zionism
advocated a Jewish homeland on the Holy Land as a remedy to continue persecution of Jews in eastern and Central Europe
Easter Rebellion
Irish attempt to declare independence in WWI in 1916
constitution provided for a republic; chamber of deputies; weak president; senate indirectly elected; government fell dozens of time
Third French Republic
federal union of Prussia and 24 smaller states
German Empire
wrote famous newspaper article defending Dreyfus called “J’accuse”
Zola
lower house; represented the Volk
Bundestag
the greatest czar since Catherine the Great; most liberal —believed serfdom retarded Russia’s modernization
Alexander II
Emancipation Act
1861; ending serfdom was key modernization; abolished serfdom; most Russians not imparted
most significant political reform during liberal party rule; eliminated power of House of Lords, House of Commons now center of national power
Parliament Act of 1911
led by Kier Hardie
Independent Labor Party
Intellegensia
hostile group if intellectuals who believed they should take over society
old Tori party led by Disraeli
Conservative Party
Paris Commune
lay siege to Paris; refused to recognize authority of National Assembly; March to May 1871 fought bloody struggle with troops of the NA; Theirs defeats commune and led France to recovery
Reform Bill of 1867
‘leap in the dark’; Disraeli; all men over twenty one get right to vote; redistributes seats to make them even
‘leap in the dark’; Disraeli; all men over twenty one get right to vote; redistributes seats to make them even
Reform Bill of 1867
Lord Palmerston
last of Whig prime ministers; dominates British politics 1850 to 1865
Bismark
served as Chancellor and mastermind behind government in Prussia
The Ottoman Empire
“Sick Man of Europe”
Marxists want to reform Germany; Bismarck makes many reforms to lessen their threat
Social Democratic Party
Junkers
Russian nobility
Pankhurst
leader of militant suffragettes, Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU)
1861; ending serfdom was key modernization; abolished serfdom; most Russians not imparted
Emancipation Act
“Irish Question”
what is Britain going to do with Ireland?should Ireland be given autonomy independence?
workers gained right to vote and participate politically in the nation state their attractions focused more on elections than revolutions; workers standard of living rose so no revolution; acceptance of labor unions by government; official recognition of collective bargaining
Socialist Revisionism
two house legislature in Germany; bicameral legislature, including Bundestag and Bundesrat
Reichstag
granted suffrage to adult males in the counties on the same basis of the boroughs
Reform Act of 1884
created idea of Zionism
Herzl
Alexander III
most reactionary czar of 19th century
leader of national union of women’s suffrage society; demanded Parliament grant female suffrage; helped grow suffrage movement and played a role in national and international suffrage conferences; knighted 1924
Fawcett
Pan-Slavism
idea all slavs would be unified under one government, Russia
Herzl
created idea of Zionism
1871 to 1914 political parties dominate politics; ordinary people begin liking government; universal male suffrage in Western Europe; responsible representation by elected officials; welfare states; increased literacy rate
Age of Mass Politics
nationalistic group pushing for Irish independence
Young Ireland
advocated a Jewish homeland on the Holy Land as a remedy to continue persecution of Jews in eastern and Central Europe
Zionism
mystic who dominates czars court in last days of empire; caused people to doubt the czar
Gregorii Rasputin
Bunderat
conservative upper class elected by upper states
Theirs
created National Assembly and was chief executive; defeated commune and led France to recovery
Revolution of 1905
Bloody Sunday; peasant revolt and troop mutinies paralyzed Russia by October and czar had to make changes
Catholic Center Party
Pope Pius encourages people to get involved with politics; Bismarck tries to suppress center party but didn’t work
Fabian Society
socialist political party; revisionists Marxists want changes through voting
Zemstovs
established in 1864 assemblies that administered local areas; significant step towards popular participation; lords controlled these and gained more power
Fawcett
leader of national union of women’s suffrage society; demanded Parliament grant female suffrage; helped grow suffrage movement and played a role in national and international suffrage conferences; knighted 1924
Gladstone
most important of liberal figures; supported Irish home rule, fiscal policy, free trade & opposed liberalism; abolished compulsory tax to the Church of England
Conservative Party
old Tori party led by Disraeli
Pope Pius encourages people to get involved with politics; Bismarck tries to suppress center party but didn’t work
Catholic Center Party
Liberal Party
old Whig party led by Gladstone
struggle for civilization; Bismarck tried to limit Catholic Center Party; marriage had to be civil ceremonies; expelled Jesuits; too popular to be driven underground; failed to be suppressed
kulturkamph
socialist political party; revisionists Marxists want changes through voting
Fabian Society
plotted to overthrow the republic; fled to Belgium and commuted suicide before trial; resulted in increased public confidence in the republic
Boulanger Crisis
Age of Mass Politics
1871 to 1914 political parties dominate politics; ordinary people begin liking government; universal male suffrage in Western Europe; responsible representation by elected officials; welfare states; increased literacy rate
new legislature; most powerful branch in French government; elected through universal male suffrage
Chamber of Deputies
Chamber of Deputies
new legislature; most powerful branch in French government; elected through universal male suffrage
Reichstag
two house legislature in Germany; bicameral legislature, including Bundestag and Bundesrat
Young Ireland
nationalistic group pushing for Irish independence
Pogroms
violent persecutions of Jewish in Russian area
pushed by Gladstone; wanted autonomy for Ireland; Ulster, Protestant counties in Northern Ireland were opposed to Home Rule; Irish home rule act padded by commons and lords but Protestants didn’t accept it
Irish Home Rule
what is Britain going to do with Ireland?should Ireland be given autonomy independence?
“Irish Question”
Kaiser Wilhem I
had ultimate power of Prussia; delegated it to Bismarck
Bakunin
most influential of anarchists
at one point French leader; tax supported secular schooling; co sponsors Berlin Conference
Ferry
Duma
was an assembly created that would serve as an advisory body for the czar; granted freedom of speech, assembly, and press
German Empire
federal union of Prussia and 24 smaller states
established in 1864 assemblies that administered local areas; significant step towards popular participation; lords controlled these and gained more power
Zemstovs
Irish Home Rule
pushed by Gladstone; wanted autonomy for Ireland; Ulster, Protestant counties in Northern Ireland were opposed to Home Rule; Irish home rule act padded by commons and lords but Protestants didn’t accept it
Witte
oversaw Russian industrialization; aggressively courted western capital and advanced technology; rise if small middle class; built state owned railroads; put Russia on gold standard
last czar
Nicholas II
Reform Act of 1884
granted suffrage to adult males in the counties on the same basis of the boroughs
Russian nobility
Junkers
Protestant counties in Northern Ireland that were opposed to Home Rule
Ulster
Bernstein
wrote Evolutionary Socialism; most prominent of the socialist revisionists
Bloody Sunday; peasant revolt and troop mutinies paralyzed Russia by October and czar had to make changes
Revolution of 1905
who is going to control Balkans?
“Eastern Question”
Dreyfus Affair
most serious threat to republic; Captain ___ was a Jewish officer accused of supplying secrets to Germans; found it was a French official selling French secrets, but let him off and framed ___; Emile Zola wrote famous article defending ___ in 1898: ‘Jaccuse’’ leftist a supported republic and 1906 case was closed when ___ declared innocent and returned to military position; led alliance between moderate republicans and socialists; conservatives in military and Catholic Church discredited
Parliament Act of 1911
most significant political reform during liberal party rule; eliminated power of House of Lords, House of Commons now center of national power
Boulanger Crisis
plotted to overthrow the republic; fled to Belgium and commuted suicide before trial; resulted in increased public confidence in the republic
violent persecutions of Jewish in Russian area
Pogroms
“Eastern Question”
who is going to control Balkans?
anarchy
spun off mainstream socialist movement; sought to destroy the centralized state
Bundestag
lower house; represented the Volk
1918; result of women’s contribution in war; parliament gave women over thirty right o vote
Representation of the People Act
Hardie
led Independent Labor Party
Ferry
at one point French leader; tax supported secular schooling; co sponsors Berlin Conference
conservative upper class elected by upper states
Bunderat
Third French Republic
constitution provided for a republic; chamber of deputies; weak president; senate indirectly elected; government fell dozens of time
most influential of anarchists
Bakunin
leader of militant suffragettes, Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU)
Pankhurst
Alexander II
the greatest czar since Catherine the Great; most liberal —believed serfdom retarded Russia’s modernization
served as Chancellor and mastermind behind government in Prussia
Bismark
Representation of the People Act
1918; result of women’s contribution in war; parliament gave women over thirty right o vote
nationalistic spirit in Britain; comes from poem
Jingiosm
most serious threat to republic; Captain ___ was a Jewish officer accused of supplying secrets to Germans; found it was a French official selling French secrets, but let him off and framed ___; Emile Zola wrote famous article defending ___ in 1898: ‘Jaccuse’’ leftist a supported republic and 1906 case was closed when ___ declared innocent and returned to military position; led alliance between moderate republicans and socialists; conservatives in military and Catholic Church discredited
Dreyfus Affair
gained seats in chamber of deputies from 1905 to 1914; leader of socialist party
Jaures
Irish attempt to declare independence in WWI in 1916
Easter Rebellion
communes where Russian peasants live; highly regulated and prevent modernization
Mirs
spun off mainstream socialist movement; sought to destroy the centralized state
anarchy
Socialist Revisionism
workers gained right to vote and participate politically in the nation state their attractions focused more on elections than revolutions; workers standard of living rose so no revolution; acceptance of labor unions by government; official recognition of collective bargaining
most reactionary czar of 19th century
Alexander III
Independent Labor Party
led by Kier Hardie
hconservative; imperialist; had aggressive foregone policy, expansion of empire, supported democratic reform reluctantly; wrote Sybil expressing pity for working class; part of conservative party
Disraeli
Nicholas II
last czar
Alexander III’s program while on power; czar is supreme, church is supreme, becoming Russian in culture fully
“Autocracy, Orthodoxy, Russification”
“Bloody Sunday”
workers and peasants marched peacefully to winter palace asking for reform; czar wasn’t there but army was and killed many in cold blood
old Whig party led by Gladstone
Liberal Party
“Sick Man of Europe”
The Ottoman Empire
was an assembly created that would serve as an advisory body for the czar; granted freedom of speech, assembly, and press
Duma
workers and peasants marched peacefully to winter palace asking for reform; czar wasn’t there but army was and killed many in cold blood
“Bloody Sunday”
Zola
wrote famous newspaper article defending Dreyfus called “J’accuse”
last of Whig prime ministers; dominates British politics 1850 to 1865
Lord Palmerston
