Textiles Flashcards
Fire safety measures for upholstery
•Fire retardant finish on the outer covering fabric
•Interliner between the covering fabric and the foam fillimg
What are properties of textiles?
•How it looks and feels
•How it resists to heat and water
Soft furnishings
(E.g. curtains, carpets) add colour, pattern, texture, warmth
Factors to consider when choosing household textiles
Cost
Function
Durability
Appearance
How easy it is to clean
Uphostery
The outside covering of furniture
Fashion trends
are influenced by the fashion industry, technology, public figures + events such as war
Functions of clothing
Protection, identification, to flatter us, modesty, personal expression
Factors influencing clothing choice
Cost
Age
colour
design
current fashion trends
sustainability
Accessories
extras that complete an outfit
Design features
colour
textile
shape
line
pattern
Design principles
Balance
emphasis
proportion
Applique
A way of decorating fabric by stitching on a piece of contrasting fabric
Balance mark
Points in s pattern where 2 adjoining pieces fit together, the marks are transferred to the fabric by tacking
Basting
tacking
Bias
A piece of material at an angle to the grain
Casing
A closed channel of fabric in which elastic or a drawstring is enclosed
Clip
To cut with the point of a scissors into a corner of fabric/into a seam allowance to help it lie flat
Dart
A pointed wedge-shaped fold of material used to give garments shape
Edge machining/edge stitching
To machine very close to the outer fold of a garment, used to neaten seams ect
Facing
A piece of fabric, usually shaped, that is used to finish off an edge
Fitting line
The lines, on which a garment is sewn together
Fold
A single turn of fabric
Gathering
2 rows of stitching pulled up to reduce length or fullness
Grain
The direction that threads of fabric run
Hem
A double fold used to finish of an edge
Interfacing
Fabric placed behind the garment fabric to give body and support
Layering
Trimming double or treble seam allowances in step of different depths to reduce bulk
Loayout
A diagram showing how the paper pattern should be laid on fabric
Marking
Transferring important marks from a pattern onto a fabric
Nap
A raised surface with fibres that lie in 1 direction only
Notch
A triangular symbol on a paper pattern, which is transferred to the fabric when cutting out. Helps indicate adjoining pieces when constructing garments
Pivot
A method of leaving the machine needle in the fabric with the pressor foot raised when turning a corner
Raw edge
The unfinished cut of the edge of the fabric that tends to unravel or fray
Seam allowance
Width of fabric between the raw edge and the fitting line
Selvage
The finished edge of a fabric that doesn’t fray
Stay stitching
A row of machining which helps prevent stretching , especially on curved edges
Straight grain
The threads running parallel with the selvage
Tailor tack
A looped tacking stitch, used to transfer markings onto fabric
When removing stains….
Act quickly, start with mild treatment + remove stain before washing
When using stain removers…
Use in ventilated room, test on a non-visible patch + follow instructions
Fabric finishes
Polishing (gives it a sheen)
Shrink resistance
Crease resistance
Waterproofing
Flame proofing
Ecological issues with textiles
Natural material such as cotton take up land
Synthetic materials come from finite resources
Toxic pesticides used in cotton farming
Waste from dying
Gasses from factories = air pollution
Ethical issues
Poor working conditions
Low wages
Child labour
Health + safety risks
Animal cruelty
Upcycling
Changing waste/unwanted textiles into new products using embellishment tecgniques
Name 5 examples of fabric embeleshment
Embroidery
Appliqué
Quilting
Patchwork
Dyeing
Name 4 embroidery stitches + their uses
Satin stitch - fills in shapes
Long + short stitch - fill in wide design + give a shaded effect
Stem stitch - an outline e.g. stems/initials
Chain stitch - outline or fill in design
Sewing machine stitches + use
Straight stitch - non stretch hems
Zigzag stitch - stretchy hems
Blind stitch - shell edging
