Cooking Food Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we cook food

A

Adds variety
Easier to digest
Improves appearance, taste and textire
Kills bacteria

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2
Q

What happens when we cook food

A

Protein coagulates + shrinks
Fat melts
Starch grains swell and burst
Cellulose is softened and made more digestable
Some vitamins and minerals are lost

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3
Q

Conduction

A

Solid to solid, eg. Saucepan

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4
Q

Convection

A

Heat through a liquid/ gas, eg. Boiling

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5
Q

Radiation

A

Direct from heat source to food, eg. Grilling

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6
Q

Boiling: temp and guidelines

A

100 degrees
Boil rapidly
Reduce heat to 90 and let simmer til cooked
Tight fitting lid
Use as little water as possible

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7
Q

Poaching temp and guidelines

A

85 degrees
Water should barely bubble + shouldn’t boil

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8
Q

Steaming guidelines

A

Tight fitting lid
Ensure water is boiled before putting on food
Don’t let food touch water

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9
Q

Stewing temp and guidelines

A

80-90
Season well
Cover cooking vessel

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10
Q

Pressure cooking temp and guidelines

A

108-122 degrees
Follow manufacturer instructions
Don’t over fill
Release pressure using steam release before opening

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11
Q

Advantages of pressure cookikg

A

⅓ cooking time
Economical on feul
1 pot meal

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12
Q

Disadvantages of pressure cooking

A

Can bé dangerous
Overcooks easiky
Vitamin loss from high temp

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13
Q

What is a meath thermometer

A

A meat thermometer is an instrument with a long metal spike that is put into the thickest joint of the meat before cooking to measure internal temp

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14
Q

Baking guidelines

A

Arrange shelves
Preheat
Avoid opening frequently

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15
Q

Grillikg/barbecuing guidelines

A

Preheat grill
Turn frequently with tomgs

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16
Q

Roasting guidelines

A

Arrange shelves
Preheat
Baste every 30 mins
Time accurately
Make gravy from juices

17
Q

Types of frying

A

Deepfat
Shallow
Stir-fry

18
Q

Frying guidelines

A

Preheat
Ensure food is dry
Lower into pan gently
Turn food frequently
Don’t leave unattended

19
Q

Microwave cookimg

A

Produces electromagnetic waves directed into the food
Food particles vibrate rapidly
This is heating by conduction

20
Q

Uses of a microwave oven

A

Cooking
Regeating
Melting defrosting

21
Q

Microwave guidelines

A

Follow instructions
Never operate empty
Pierce potatoes to prevent bursting
Cover food
Allow standing tiem

22
Q

Define Smoke point

A

When the food starts to smoke(blue) +burn

23
Q

Define “flash point”

A

When the fat ignites