testicular torsion

Question 1

presentation of testicular torsion

Answer 1

often triggered by activity
unilateral testicular pain
abdominal pain
vomiting

Question 2

examination findings in testicular torsion

Answer 2

firm swollen testicle
elevated testicle
absent cremasteric reflex
abnormal testicular lie
rotation so that the epididymis is not in posterior position

Question 3

bell-clapper deformity

Answer 3

one of the causes of testicular torsion
normally testicle fixed posterior to tunica vaginalis, this is absent in bell clapper
testicle hangs in horizontal position

Question 4

management of testicular torsion

Answer 4

urological emergency
NBM
analgesia
senior urology assessment
bilateral orchiopexy- correct the position and fix in place
orchidectomy- remove the testicle

Question 5

investigation for testicular torsion

Answer 5

scrotal ultrasound- whirlpool sign
- can delay treatment so not necessary