Diabetes insipidus Flashcards
what is diabetes insipidus
condition characterised by deficiency in the action of anti-diuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin)
where is ADH made and stored
made in the hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary
what is cranial diabetes insipidus
deficiency in ADH secretion
what is nephrogenic DI
insensitivity of the kidney to ADH
causes of cranial DI
idiopathic
head injury
pituitary surgery
crainopharyngiomas
infiltrative
DIDMOAD
causes of nephrogenic DI
genetic
electrolyte: hypercalcaemia, hypokalaemia
lithium
demeclocycline
obstruction, sickle cell, pyelonephritis
haemochromatosis
investigation in diabetes insipidus
high plasma osmolality, low urine osmolality
water deprivation test
desmopressin test- to differentiate between nephrogenic and cranial
management of nephrogenic DI
thiazides
low salt/protein diet
management of central DI
desmopressin
