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Psych 101 > Test 5 Exam > Flashcards

Test 5 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychologists

A

A professional who has completed advanced degrees in psychology

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2
Q

PsyD

A

Doctor of psychology, lack of emphasis on research characteristics, focuses on clinical practice

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3
Q

PhD

A

Doctor of philosophy, focus on both clinical practice & research

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4
Q

Freudian psychoanalysis

A

Focused on the WHY

view that emphasized the unconscious mind & its ability to affect people’s behavior

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5
Q

Free association

A

Encouraging a patient to say whatever comes to mind without censoring their words, paying close attention to words the unconscious brings out

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6
Q

Resistance

A

A patient shying away from a certain topic that the therapist brings up
A patients reluctance to accept a therapists interpretation as true meaning that the interpretation is true!

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7
Q

Person-centered therapy

A

Main humanistic theory
Developed by Carl Rogers
Therapist shows no judgement &I plays a passive role when talking to patient

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8
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Relaxing & slowly introducing the feared item

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9
Q

Flooding

A

The feared item is presented by itself until it no longer produced the conditioned response of fear

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10
Q

Aversion therapy

A

Pairing something unpleasant with a specific unwanted behavior

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11
Q

Behavioral activation therapy

A

Used to treat depression
Context/environment is the reason for depression
Therefore it targets avoidance behavior, gets people to recognize the things that make them motivated & the things that don’t.

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12
Q

Cognitive therapy focused on

A

Based on the notion that the way we think is essential to health
Situations do not cause abnormal behavior, our thoughts about those situations do
Always focused on changing behaviors to be rational, logical ways of thinking instead

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13
Q

Rebt

A

Rational emotive behavioral therapy
Coined by Albert Ellis
Somewhat confrontational
Therapist is very critical of patients thinking
Focused on cognitive restructuring but deemphasized supportive role of therapist

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14
Q

Cognitive-behavioral therapy CBT

A

Improves many psychological disorders, including depression & insomnia

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15
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy

A

Biological treatment in which seizures are induced in an anesthetized patient
Primarily used in the treatment of mood disorders that have not responded to other treatments
Last resort

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16
Q

Frontal lobotomy

A

Terrible psychosurgery that is no longer used.
Chopped up frontal lobe of brain
1930-1960

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17
Q

Barbiturates

A

Not used often today, overused in the 60’s, very dangerous

Addictive properties & frequently used in suicides

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18
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Discovered after WWII
Used to treat panic disorder & generalized anxiety
Also becoming overused today

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19
Q

Selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (Ssri’s)

A

Treat depression & other mood disorders
They block the Reuptake of serotonin, thus increasing the amount of serotonin in the synapse at a given time
Allows for increased binding to receptors

20
Q

Lithium Bicarbonate

A

Main drug used for bipolar disorder.
Still poorly understood what lithium does for bipolar disorder
It has an antioxidant effect which promotes growth of new neurons & prevents further loss of neurons

21
Q

Phenothiazines (Thorazine)

A

One medication to treat schizophrenia
Discovered by accident, but allowed many people to return to their communities instead of living in institutions
Reduces positive symptoms, but doesn’t reduce negative symptoms such as: tardive dyskinesia difficulty/slow moving

22
Q

Clozapine

A

Other medication for schizophrenia
Treats negative symptoms better
Less tardive dyskinesia

23
Q

Health psychology

A

A sub field of psychology focusing on the relationship between mind & body as it related to illness & health

24
Q

Stress

A

An unpleasant emotional state that results from the perception of danger

25
Q

Stressor

A

A stimulus that serves as a source of stress

26
Q

Biopsychosocial model

A

Psychological & social factors influence the development of illness along with biology
Psychology – cognition a, emotions, motivations
Biology – genetics, infectious diseases, physiology
Social – social support, education, family

27
Q

What does the scale created by Holmes & Rahe measure?

A

A list of 43 stressful life events that can contribute to illness
Predicts vulnerability to physical illness & psychological disorders because of different stressors

28
Q

Why is a resilient personality helpful?

A

It contributes to a person’s ability to cope with and adapt to stress
A lack of resiliency will lead someone to feeling overwhelmed, helpless, & victimized

29
Q
  1. Alarm stage
A

Sympathetic arousal & mental clarity, all resources mobilized for fight or flight

30
Q
  1. Resistance stage
A

Coping w| ongoing stress, adapt as well as possible

31
Q
  1. Exhaustion stage
A

Physical & psychosocial resources are depleted

Often leads to burnout

32
Q

Hypothalamic- Pituitary- Adrenal Axis (HPA)

A

Circuit that responds to perceived stress by initiating the release of cortisol
Hypothalamus tells pituitary gland to release cortisol from adrenal glands
Boosts energy, starts slower but last longer

33
Q

Sympathetic adrenal - medullary system (SAm)

A

Circuit that responds to perceived stress by initiating the release of adrenaline (epinephrine/norepinephrine)
Adrenaline gets released from adrenal glands in lower back
This travels to brain stimulating fight-or-flight response in nervous system
Short lived, fast, then burns out

34
Q

What is the risk of chronic stress?

A

Produces long-term exposure to cortisol (the stress hormone)
Contribute to reduced hippocampal volume, therefore producing memory problems
Also can produce abnormal sleep patterns, depression & neuronal damage & death

35
Q

What is so negative about Type a personalities?

A

Super competitive & hostile, always under a lot of stress
Makes someone vulnerable to heart issues!
Stress prevents blood vessels from expanding when they need to
Leads to increased heart rate & blood pressure

36
Q

Problem- focused coping

A

Response designed to address specific problems by finding solutions
Altering the environment causing the stress

37
Q

Problem - focused coping (positive version)

A

You fail a test so you decide to start going to tutoring every week

38
Q

Problem - focused coping (negative version)

A

You fail a test so you decide to stop going to class

39
Q

Emotion - focused coping

A

Response designed to target negative emotions arising from situation

40
Q

Emotion- focused coping (positive version)

A

You fail a test & feel upset so you go running to blow off some steam

41
Q

Emotion - focused coping (negative version)

A

You fail a test & feel upset, so you drink an entire bottle of wine to numb the pain

42
Q

Locus of control

A

The extent to which individuals believe they can or can not control events affecting them

43
Q

Locus of control (external)

A

Attribute everything to outside world

Someone has no control over events in their life

44
Q

Locus of control (internal)

A

Attribute everything to themselves

Someone has total control over everything that happens to them

45
Q

Goal of positive psychology

A

Emphasizes normal behavior & human strengths
Created by Martin seligman
3 stages : present life, good life, meaningful life

46
Q

Flow

A

State characterized by complete absorption in a current activity, such as work, problem solving, or creativity

47
Q

Psychiatrist

A

A medical doctor who specializes in psychiatry & can use medical procedures to treat psychological disorders, MD
Can prescribe medicine

Psych 101 (19 decks)

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