Test 1: Sensation and Perception Flashcards
Transduction
when sensors in the body covert physical signals from the environment (pressure, light reflections, smell molecule) into neural signals sent to the CNS.
Sensory Adaptation
sensitivity to prolonged stimulations tends to decline over time as an organism adapts to current conditions.
Parts of the eye
Cornea, Lens, Iris, Pupil, Retina
Two types of photoreceptors in eye?
Rods and Cones
Fovea
an area of the retina where vision is the clearest and there are no rods.
Order of Transduction
- Photoreceptors
- Bipolar neurons
- Ganglion cells
- Optic disk
- Optic nerve
- Brain
Monocular Depth Cues
- aspects of a scene that yield information about depth when viewed with only one eye.
- Interposition
- Linear perspective
- texture gradient
Binocular Disparity
the difference in the retinal images of the two eyes that provides information about depth.
Outer ear
Pinna
Auditory canal
Eardrum
Middle ear
- Ossicles
- Hammer
- Anvil
- Stirrup
Inner ear
- cochlea: snail shaped, fluid filled tube
- basilar membrane: undulates when vibrations from the ossicles reach the cochlear fluid
- hair cells/receptor cells/cilia: auditory receptor neurons
- Semicircular canals: balance
Stereophonic sound
Loudness and timing differences allow us to localize sound
Touch receptors
- mechanoreceptors
- thermoreceptors
- Somatosensory cortex
Gate-control theory
signals arriving from pain receptors in the body can be stopped or gated by interneurons in the spinal cord via feedback from 2 directions.
Smell
Odorant molecules dissolve in mucous membrane of Olfactory Epithelium
