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Psych 101 > Test 2: Consciousness, Sleep, Drugs > Flashcards

Test 2: Consciousness, Sleep, Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

the person’s subjective experience of the world and the mind.

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2
Q

Dynamic Unconscious

A

an active system encompassing a lifetime of hidden memories, deepest instinct and desires, and an inner struggle to control these forces (Sigmund Freud).

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3
Q

Repression

A

a mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness.

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4
Q

Freudian Unconscious

A
  • dynamic unconscious
  • repression
  • Freudian slips
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5
Q

Cognitive Unconscious

A

the mental processes that give rise to a person’s thoughts, choices, emotions, and behavior even though they are not experienced by the person.

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6
Q

Subliminal perception

A

a thought or behavior that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving

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7
Q

Circadian Rythm

A

a biological rhythm with a period of about 24 hours

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8
Q

Beta waves

A

alert, awake

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9
Q

Alpha waves

A

relaxation, drowsy

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10
Q

Stage 1 sleep

A

theta waves, light sleep

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11
Q

Stage 2 sleep

A

minor noises probably won’t disturb you

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12
Q

Stage 3 sleep

A

delta waves

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13
Q

Stage 4 sleep

A

delta waves, deepest stage of sleep, shake to wake, HR slowed, muscles relaxed, may sleep walk

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14
Q

REM stage sleep

A

stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity, dreaming. HR and BP increase, sexual arousal, body muscles are still (except for eyes)

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15
Q

Which stage of sleep is especially crucial for normal functioning?

A

REM

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16
Q

Sleep provides “time out” for body to replenish…

A
  • Eliminate waste from muscles
  • Strengthen immune system
  • Repair cells throughout body
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17
Q

____ is essential for memory consolidation and problem solving skills

A

Sleep

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18
Q

Insomnia

A

difficulty in falling or staying asleep

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19
Q

Sleep apnea

A

a person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep.

  • Causes many awakenings during night
  • Detected by spouse most often
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20
Q

Somnambulism

A

occurs when a person arises and walks around while asleep (sleepwalking).
-Safe to wake them

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21
Q

Narcolepsy

A

sudden REM sleep attacks occur in the middle of waking activities.

  • Degradation of hypothalamus neurons
  • Influenced by genetics
  • Treated effectively with meds
22
Q

Night/sleep terrors

A

abrupt awakenings with panic and intense emotional arousal (sleep terrors).
-Non REM sleep

23
Q

REM Behavior Disorder

A

don’t have muscle paralysis that usually occurs in REM so people “act out” their dreams.

24
Q

Five general characteristics of dreams

A
  • Intense emotion
  • Thought is illogical
  • Sensations are fully formed
  • Uncritical acceptance
  • Difficulty remembering
25
Q

Nightmares

A
  • Average college student has 24/year

- More common in children and adults who have experienced trauma

26
Q

Mundane Dreams

A
  • Reflect prior day experiences (day residue)
  • Things we are concerned about
  • Images of recent past
27
Q

Freud Dream Theory

A

Freud felt that dreams represent (suppressed) wishes, some unacceptable.

28
Q

Manifest content

A

what we consciously experience

29
Q

Latent content

A

hidden meaning, the unconscious wishes being expressed symbolically

30
Q

Problem-focused approach

A

Dreams represent waking concerns and opportunities to resolve them.

31
Q

Activation-synthesis model

A
  • Dreams are generated when the cortex tries to make sense of random brainstem signals/neuron firing.
  • Cortex attempts to synthesize or integrate signals with existing knowledge and memories to produce a coherent interpretation.
32
Q

Drug addiction is a mindbug:

A

inability to look past the immediate consequences of our behaviors.

33
Q

Rats will work for drugs, studies show…

A

90% die after 30 days of self-administered cocaine

34
Q

Psychoactive drug

A

a chemical that influences consciousness or behavior by altering the brain’s chemical message system.

35
Q

Drug tolerance

A

the tendency for larger doses of a drug to be required over time to achieve the same effect.

36
Q

Depressants

A

substances that reduce the activity of the central nervous system (alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, toxic inhalants)

37
Q

Short-term effects of depressants

A

Euphoria, reduced anxiety, slurred speech, poor judgment, delayed reaction

38
Q

Long-term effects of depressants

A

cardiovascular and liver disease, pancreatitis, malabsorption, cancer, damage to CNS & PNS, impaired memory, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

39
Q

Stimulants

A

substances that excite the central nervous system, heightening arousal and activity levels (caffeine, amphetamines (Adderall), nicotine, cocaine, ecstasy).

40
Q

Short-term effects of stimulants

A

euphoria, wakefulness, energetic, anxious, irritable, increased body temp, HR, BP, confusion, muscle spasms, blurred vision, fibrillation, stroke, seizure

41
Q

Long-term effects of stimulants

A

paranoia, violent behavior, psychosis/weight loss, insomnia, cardiac or cardiovascular complications

42
Q

Narcotics/opiates

A

highly addictive drugs derived from opium that relieve pain (heroin, morphine, methadone, codeine).

43
Q

Short-term effects of narcotics/opiates

A

feeling of well-being, stupor, lethargy, impaired coordination, confusion, nausea, dizziness, heavy body feeling, slowed or arrested breathing, constipation

44
Q

Long-term effects of narcotics/opiates

A

cardiac and cardiovascular difficulties, liver disease, pneumonia, hepatitis, HIV, fatal overdose

45
Q

endorphins/endogenous opiates

A

natural neurotransmitters that have a similar structure to opiates and that appear to play a role in how the brain copes internally with pain and stress.

46
Q

Hallucinogens

A

drugs that alter sensation and perception and often cause visual and auditory hallucinations (LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, PCP, ketamine).

47
Q

Short-term effects of hallucinogens

A

feeling of being separate from one’s body, impaired motor function, anxiety, tremors, numbness, memory loss, nausea,

48
Q

Long-term effects of hallucinogens

A

flashbacks, mood swings, impaired thinking, violent outbursts, depression, psychosis

49
Q

Marijuana

A

the leaves and buds of the hemp plant that produces a mildly hallucinogenic intoxication.

50
Q

Short-term effects of marijuana

A

mild hallucinations, euphoria, heightened sense of sight/sound, perception of rush of ideas, decreases ST memory and learning, impairs motor skills and coordination, increase HR, appetite, and anxiety, panic attacks

51
Q

Long-term effects of marijuana

A

respiratory problems, memory, mental health decline

Psych 101 (19 decks)

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