Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Bregma

A

The landmark where the anterior fontanel has closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lambda

A

The landmark where the posterior fontanel has closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the origin of the pronator teres?

A

medial epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The infraorbital foramen is located where?

A

Maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The supraorbital foramen is located where?

A

Frontal Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many vertebra compose the coccyx before fusion?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List a function of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

It is sensory: hearing and balance(ear infections affect balance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which cranial nerves are only sensory?

A

1-olfactory ,2-optic , and 8-vestibulocochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the internal auditory meatus located?

A

Temporal Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the smallest middle ear bone

A

Stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the largest middle ear bone

A

Malleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are the mental foramina located?

A

mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the lesser trochanter located?

A

Femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The jugular foramen is located in between which bones?

A

temporal and occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which suture links the parietal and frontal bone

A

Coronal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does keratin do?

A

Waterproofs your skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where can non-keratin stratified squamous epithelium be found?

A

The mouth on the cheek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What basic tissue types make up all glands?

A

Epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A

Description: Single layer, flattened cells
Function: Filtration, diffusion, osmosis, covers surface
Location: Air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries, lining body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Description: Single layer, cube-shaped cells
Function: Protection, secretion, absorption
Location: Surface of ovaries, linings of kidney tubules, and linings of ducts of certain glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Description: Single layer, elongated cells
Function: Protection, secretion, absorption
Location: Linings of uterus, stomach, and intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Description: Single layer, elongated cells
Function: protection, secretion, movement of mucus and substances
Location: Linings of respiratory passages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Description: many layers, top cells flattened
Function: Protection
Location: Superficial portion of skin and linings of oral cavity, salivary glands, and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Description: 2-3 layers, cube shaped cells
Function: Protection
Location: Linings of ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium

A

Description: Top layer of elongated cells, lower layers of cube-shaped cells
Function: Protection, secretion
Location: Part of the male urethra and lining of larger ducts of excretory glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Description: Many layers of cube-shaped and elongated cells
Function: Distensibility, protection
Location: Inner lining of urinary bladder and linings of ureters and part of urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Glandular epithelium

A

Description: Unicellular/multicellular
Function: Secretion
Location: Salivary glands, sweat glands, endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the most prevalent cartilage in the body?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Norepinephrine(NE)

A

Tells adipocytes to break down the triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does adipocytes(fat droplets) contain?

A

Triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the two kinds of fat?

A

yellow fat & brown fat (only found in infants and hibernating mammals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Areolar(Loose) connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid- gel matrix
Function: Binds organs
Location: Beneath the skin (hypodermis), surrounds organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Adipose connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid-gel matrix
Function: Protects, insulates, and stores fat
Location: Beneath the skin, around the kidneys, behind the eyeballs, on the surface of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Reticular Connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid-gel matrix
Function: Supports
Location: Walls of liver and spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Dense Regular Connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid-gel matrix
Function: Binds body parts
Location: Tendons, ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid-gel matrix
Function: Sustains tissue tension
Location: Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Elastic connective tissue

A

Description: Cells in fluid-gel matrix
Function: provides flexible framework
Location: Framework of external ear and part of larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Description: Cells in solid-gel matrix
Function: Supports, protects, absorbs shock
Location: Between bony parts of spinal column, parts of pelvic girdle and knee

39
Q

Bone

A

Description: cells in solid matrix
Function: Supports, protects, provides framework
Location: Bones of skeleton, middle ear

40
Q

Blood

A

Description: Cells and platelets in fluid matrix
Function: Transports gases, defends against disease, clotting
Location: Throughout the body in a closed system of blood vessels and heart chambers

41
Q

What are the three different types of muscles?

A

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

42
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

striations are made up of myosin(dark bands) and actin(light bands)

43
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

shorter, branched, striated, intercalated disks

44
Q

Smooth muscle

A

fusiform shape, no striations, no organization which makes it the slowest and weakest of the muscles.

45
Q

What kind of junctions allow for communication in intercalated disks?

A

series of gap junctions

46
Q

What are some different types of neurons?

A

projecting axons and interneurons

47
Q

What is found in white matter?

A

projecting axons, myelin- lipid covers the axon & gives the white apparatus, and glia- oligodendrocytes

48
Q

Microvilli

A

It is smaller and shorter than cilia and increases surface area (absorption); it can be found on the small intestines and stomach on the apical surface

49
Q

Epiphyseal disk

A

Growth plate made up of hyaline cartilage

50
Q

Fontanels

A

Anterior (largest)
Posterior
Sphenoid (anterolateral)
Mastoid (posterlateral

51
Q

Why do we have fontanels?

A

1) allows for the compression of the head during child birth

2) allows for the expansion of the head for when the glial cells and myelin continue to grow

52
Q

Bregma

A

The point of the coronal and saggital sutures meeting where the anterior closes (anterior fontanel).

53
Q

Lambda

A

Posterior fontanel that closes where the saggital and lambdoidal sutures close.

54
Q

What are the two ways bone can ossify?

A

Intramembraneous and endochondral

55
Q

What kind of bones are made through intramembraneous ossification?

A

most flat bones are made this way; frontal and parietal bones

56
Q

What kind of bones are made through endochondral ossification?

A

most of the skeleton is made this way; long bones

57
Q

What are the steps of endochondral ossification?

A

1) cartilaginous model= hyaline cartilage
2) periosteal collar= forming around the diaphysis
3) create available space= medullary cavity
4) blood vessels grow into the space
5) Primary ossification center= diaphysis
6) secondary ossification centers= epiphyseal areas

58
Q

What are the four structures that allow hematopoiesis to take place?

A

yolk sac, liver, spleen and bone marrow

59
Q

What is in the medullary cavity?

A

Red or yellow marrow

60
Q

What is hematopoiesis?

A

The production of blood cells

61
Q

What are the first three bones that ossify ?

A

Stapes, incus, and malleus

62
Q

Which fontanel is the last one to close?

A

Anterior usually at 18 months

63
Q

What do the middle ear bones do?

A

amplify sound

64
Q

Articulating cartilage

A

found in joints, hyaline cartilage

65
Q

What is proprioception?

A

Knowing where your body is in space

66
Q

Where are proprioceptors located?

A

muscles- tells the length
tendons- degree of contraction
joints- angle of the joint

67
Q

In cranial nerves what does motor mean?

A

information is going away from the CNS

68
Q

In cranial nerves what does sensory mean?

A

information is traveling towards the CNS

69
Q

1) olfactory nerves

A
  • Sensory

Function: Sensor fiber conduct impulses associated with sense of smell.

70
Q

4) trochlear nerves

A

-Primarily motor
Function: motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles that move the eyes. Some sensory fibers conduct impulses associated with proprioceptors

71
Q

5) trigeminal nerves

A

Ophthalmic: Sensory fibers conduct impulses from the surface of the eyes, tear glands, scalp, forehead, and upper eyelids.
Maxillary:” “ upper teeth, upper gum, upper lip, lining of the palate, and skin of the face
Mandibular: scalp, skin of the jaw, lower teeth, lower gum, and lower lip. Motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles of facial expression, tear glands, and salivary glands

72
Q

6) abducen nerves

A

-Primarily Motor
Function: Motor fibers conduct impulses to muscles that move the eyes. Some sensory fibers conduct impulses associated with proprioceptors.

73
Q

7) facial nerves

A

-Function: sensory- associated with taste receptors of the anterior of the tongue. motor- muscles of facial expression, tear glands, and salivary glands.

74
Q

8) vestibulocochlear nerves

A

-Sensory
Vestibular: sense of equilibrium
Cochlear: sense of hearing

75
Q

9) glossopharyngeal

A
  • sensory- pharynx, tonsils, posterior of tongue, and carotid arteries
  • motor- salivary glands and to muscles of the pharynx used in swallowing.
76
Q

10) vagus nerves

A 
-sensory= pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and viscera of the thorax and abdomen.
somatic= muscles associated with speech and swallowing; autonomic- viscera of the thorax and abdomen.
77
Q

11) spinal accessory nerves

A

-motor= muscles of the neck and back; some proprioceptor input

78
Q

12) hypoglossal nerves

A

-motor= muscles that move the tongue, some proprioceptor input

79
Q

2) Optic

A

-Sensory= conduct impulses associated with the sense of vision

80
Q

1) olfactory

A

-Sensory= conduct impulses associated with the sense of smell

81
Q

What can be found in both gray and white matter?

A

myelin and projecting neurons

82
Q

Merocrine glands

A

A fluid product released through the cell membrane by exocytosis. Salivary, pancreatic, and sweat glands

83
Q

Apocrine Glands

A

Cellular product and portions of the free ends of glandular cells pinch of during secretion. Mammary, ceruminous glands, lining of the external acoustic meatus

84
Q

Holocrine Glands

A

Disintegrated entire cells filled with secretory products. Sebaceous glands of the skin

85
Q

Where are the fastest muscles found?

A

The eye

86
Q

What are the three types of connective tissue cell types?

A

macrophages, fibroblasts, and mast cells

87
Q

What are the three types of connective tissue fibers that fibroblasts produce?

A

collagen, elastic, and reticular

88
Q

Collagen fibers

A

Thick threads of the protein collage, which is a major structural protein. Holds structures together, such as tendons and ligaments. It is found abundantly in dense regular connective tissue

89
Q

Elastic fibers

A

Composed of springlike protein called elastin; made for stretching found in vocal cords and air passages.

90
Q

Reticular fibers

A

They are thin collagen fibers. Found in areas like the spleen

91
Q

What is cartilage?

A

A rigid connective tissue

92
Q

What are the three major types of epithelial membranes?

A

serous, mucous, and cutaneous

93
Q

Synovial membrane

A

it is composed entirely of connective tissues and lines joints

Anatomy (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions