Test 1 Worksheets Flashcards
What is Pharmacology?
The study of how drugs affect living organisms.
What is a drug?
Any substance taken or applied to the body for the purpose of altering its physiological process.
Who thought of the 4 humors?
Hippocrates
What are the four humors?
Blood
Phlegm
Yellow Bile
Black Bile
What did Galen believe in?
Disease was caused by an imbalance of the four humors.
Who was the first to challenge Galen?
Paracelsus
What did Paracelsus believe in?
Not the humors, advocated individual drugs over potions.
In the 19th century , who advanced knowledge of how drugs work on the body?
Claude Bernard
Who was said to have started the field of experimental pharmacology?
Claude Bernard
Who reduced death from fever by getting staff to scrub with lime water prior to procedures?
Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
Who introduced antiseptics into surgery?
Joseph Lister
Who is a bacteriologist who introduced a chemical agent to treat syphilis?
Paul Ehlich
Who extracted insulin from the pancreas in 1923 to create a treatment for diabetes?
Sir Frederick Banting and Charles Best
Who was the bacteriologist who discovered penicillin?
Sir Alexander Fleming
What does DIN stand for?
Drug Identification Number
What are the five main places drugs are obtained?
Mineral, plant, animal, synthesis, microorganisms.
What are the 7 solid preparations of a drug?
- Capsule
- Tablet
- Pill
- Troche
- Suppository
- Ointment
- Powder
What are the 4 fluid preparations of a drug?
- Fluid extract
- Tincture (alcoholic solution)
- Elixir
- Spirit
What is an analgesic?
Used to relieve pain without loss of consciousness.
What is an anesthetic?
Used to produce general or local loss of sensation.
What is an antacid?
Used to neutralize acid in the stomach.
What is an anthelmintic?
A drug used to rid the body of worms.
What is an antiemetic?
These drugs are used to relieve nausea and vomiting.
What is an antibiotic?
Drug that inhibits the growth of or destroy bacteria and other microorganisms.
